【作者】 张涌；

【导师】 陈雪梅；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 国民经济学， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 目前,产业集群在全球范围内得到快速发展。这种极其令人醒目的发展态势,引起了国内外学术界和各国政府部门的高度重视。理论界对政府在产业集群形成和发展中的作用也有较大的争议。产业集群是如何形成和发展的,怎样促进产业集群的升级成为众多学者和政策制定者共同关心的问题。本文基于新制度经济学视角研究产业集群的形成机理和发展规律,探讨了由于集群中的路径依赖而导致的集群锁定低效率,政府在产业集群制度创新中的作用。本文首先从产业集群的研究现状、重点、形成机理入手,对国内外产业集群理论成果进行了综述;同时对制度经济学的研究对象、制度内涵、制度变迁与制度创新、制度供给与制度需求等基本问题进行阐述。接着,论文阐述产业集群的属性,认为产业集群是一个中间性经济组织,是一种制度安排。探讨在制度变迁的视角下,如何从市场制度、企业制度发展演化为产业集群制度安排,分析产业集群的形成机理,并在此基础上进一步研究产业集群的发展规律。论文对集群发展中的路径依赖机制进行重点阐述,分析了路径依赖强化机制下产业集群发展的两种不同结果,指出产业集群风险产生的原因。文章还探讨了由于路径依赖的负强化机制而导致的产业集群发展的“制度失灵”,如产业集群发展中的柠檬市场、外部负效应等。分析了产业集群升级及其路径选择,并阐述了制度创新角度推动集群升级的途径。在理论研究的基础上,本文讨论了政府在产业集群制度创新中的作用与职能。论文认为,政府作为强制性制度创新的主体,在产业集群升级的制度创新中具有重要的作用。文章分析了政府在产业集群制度创新中的角色定位,并总结政府在产业集群制度创新中的作用和职能。最后,论文对河南信阳市茶叶产业集群进行了实证研究。对河南信阳茶叶产业集群的形成、现状及其规律进行了系统分析,从制度变迁视角指出产业集群存在的问题,并从政策层面提出了信阳茶叶产业集群发展对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays, the industrial clusters have made rapid development in the world. The attractive developing trend has aroused both academia at home and abroad and government departments to attach great importance. Meanwhile, theoretical circles have a larger controversy to the role of government for the formation and development of the industrial clusters. How the formation and development of industrial clusters, and how to promote the upgrading, these questions have become issues that many scholars and policy-makers concern. This article studies the formation and development mechanism of the industrial clusters based on the new institutional economics perspective, and talks about the cluster-lock-inefficiency because of the result of path dependence and the role of government in the system innovation in the industrial cluster.This paper first summarizes the domestic and international industrial clusters theoretical results from the actuality, the focus and the forming mechanism of the industrial clusters. At the same time, the paper explicates the basic issues about the research object of institution economics, the institutional meaning, the system Change and the system innovation, the system supply and demand .Then, the paper analyze the properties of industrial clusters. The author thinks that the industrial cluster is a intermediate economic organization, is a kind of institutional arrangement. In the system of perspective, this article research how the industrial cluster come into being from the market system and enterprise system, and analysis of the formation of industrial clusters. On the basis, the paper has further researched the development mechanism of industrial clusters. The paper focuses on analysis about path dependence mechanism of the cluster development, talks about the two different results under the path-dependent mechanism of industrial clusters, points out the reasons of the industrial cluster risks. The article also discusses industrial clusters "system failure" because of the negative mechanism of path dependence, such as the lemon-market, the external negative effects of the industrial cluster development. And analyze the industrial cluster upgrading and its path choice, and expounds the cluster system upgrading path from perspective of institution innovation. On the basis of theory research, this paper discusses the role and functions of the government in the industrial cluster system innovation. The author has a viewpoint that the government as a main body of mandatory system innovation, which has an important role to the upgrading of industrial clusters. The paper analysis what the government role is in the course of mandatory system innovation, and summed up the role of government functions position during mandatory system innovation of the industrial cluster.Finally, the paper studies the tea industry cluster of Xinyang city of Henan province, explicates the formation, the status quo and the development mechanism of the tea industry cluster, points out the existing questions of the tea industry cluster from the perspective of system changes. At last, the paper puts forward development strategies of the tea industry from policy perspective.更多还原