【作者】 陈书旺；

【导师】 王明时；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 生物医学工程， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 目前国际上对于脑的应激研究,主要是根据刺激来找出脑的激活部位。其惯用方法一般是利用核磁共振功能成像探测大脑的血晕充盈程度来判断大脑被激活部位,正电子放射层析成像、近红外透射成像以及脑电图和脑磁图等,均为间接测量脑应激方法。在诸多的神经图像方法中,还没有一种有效显示脑温度变化的方法。本课题以动物为研究对象,探索了针刺穴位的大脑皮层应激反应,是国际脑认知领域的前沿性研究,主要探讨了以下几方面的内容。(1)提出了一种利用中远红外成像测温直接探测动物大脑皮层激活部位的新方法。动物大脑表面的温度存在着一定的差异,根据局部温度形成的机理,皮层的这种温度差异与皮层神经元兴奋、该部位组织的代谢量和局部血循环有关。本研究应用红外热成像技术直接探测裸视大脑皮层血晕温度变化,以此来判断被激活部位,得到的脑应激效果要优于其他间接测量方法。(2)验证了中医针灸中的醒脑开窍针刺法医学理论。醒脑开窍针刺法能够促进脑组织的代谢修复,改善大脑生理功能,提高康复率,是目前指导临床治疗脑卒中最为普遍的理论。然而,穴位和脑部功能区的对应关系至今仍没有定论。本研究将家猫进行全脑开颅,对其在针刺合谷穴后的大脑皮层温度变化进行热像显示和温度测量,判断变化最明显的区域位于大脑皮层相应的功能区位置,找出针刺穴位和大脑皮层血晕变化功能区之间的对应关系。建立了刺激穴位与大脑血晕变化部位的对应关系及其变化规律模型。通过动物实验所得到的图像和数据研究,验证了醒脑开窍针刺法理论的正确性。(3)研制了一套三坐标红外探测动物实验系统。为了实现对大脑皮层的开颅裸视测量,开发了一套具有独立知识产权的专业红外成像测温系统。研制了专用红外显微镜头以提高精度和分辨率,编写了红外图像采集及温度测量应用软件,设计了逐次逼近式优势放大法这一新的图像处理算法。通过对动物大脑皮层的开颅观察,可知针灸动物某固定穴位,确实能引起大脑皮层功能区部位发生对应的变化。据比较针灸研究学说,针刺人体某一特定的穴位,同样能在相关大脑皮层功能区产生相应的影响,而且脑部功能区和针灸穴位是存在对应关系的。本课题的研究成果为中医针灸在脑科学领域的研究提供了具体图像与温度数值上的支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 The research of the brain cognition is mainly to find out the activation position in brain according to the stimulation at present in the world. Usually, the method of fMRI is adopted. The activation position is ascertained in terms of the blood permeated degree in brain by fMRI. Other methods, such as PET, NIR, EEG and MEG, are indirect measure methods of brain stimulation response. There are few of them to display the cortical temperature efficiently among so many nerve imaging methods.The research regards the animals as the experimental objects and explores the stimulation response on the cerebral cortex of the acupuncture. It belongs to the advanced research in the international brain cognition. The main content is introduced as followed.(1) It provides a new method, which can detect the activation position on the creatural cerebral cortex directly by the middle-far infrared imaging. According to the theory of the local temperature situation, the difference of the cortical temperature maybe associate with the excitement of the cortical nerve cells, the metabolism of the local tissue and the local hemal circulation. The direct naked detection of the temperature variety on the cerebral cortex is applied by the middle–far infrared imaging technology. So the activation position is ascertained. The effect of the stimulation response is superior to other indirect methods.(2) The theory of the refreshment and induce resuscitation pinprick is approved. The method of the refreshment and induce resuscitation pinprick can promote the metabolize renovation, improve the living function and increase the healing rate. However, the relations between the points and the cortical functional sections have not the last word still. After removing the skulls on the head, full of the cerebral cortex of a cat are exposed. Observing the infrared imagings and measuring the temperatures of the visual cerebral cortex during the process of acupuncturing the Hegu point to judge the activation position. The variety in the cortical functional sections is corresponding to the result of the acupuncture point in terms of the imagings and the temperatures. The model of the relation of the stimulation point and the activation position is established. The experimental results approve the correctness of the refreshment and induce resuscitation pinprick. (3) A 3D infrared detection animal experimental system is developed. To implement the visual cerebral cortex detection, a special infrared imaging and temperature measure system with the self property right is explored. A special infrared microscope lens is produced to improve the precision and the resolving power. Software for infrared imaging collection and temperature measure is programmed. Arithmetic of the gradual approach and primary signals amplification is designed.According to the experimental results, we know that the variety of a cortical functional section is corresponding to a special acupuncture point exactly. The similar relations can be applied in human being in terms of the comparative acupuncture. The conclusions of the research can provide the evidences in the infrared pictures and the temperature values for the studies on the acupuncture applied in the field of brain cognition.更多还原