【作者】 图雅；

【导师】 乌云毕力格；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古大学 ， 中国少数民族史， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 《桦树皮律令》是16世纪末17世纪初在蒙古喀尔喀部形成的法律文献,是蒙古族文化遗产中的精华之一,但这部珍贵的法律文献在国内外学术界还没有得到很好的研究,国内研究尚属起步阶段。本文首次全面、系统地解读、汉译、注释和研究《桦树皮律令》,是一项全新的、具有原创性的学术工作。全文由七部分组成。绪论部分对《桦树皮律令》的发现及其价值、语言文字特点以及研究状况等作了介绍。其次,对《桦树皮律令》形成的时代背景、历史原因作了叙述。第三,利用档案文书对《桦树皮律令》十八部文本的成文年代进行了考述。《桦树皮律令》十八部文本中有六部律令的制定年代有所不清,本文利用档案文书弄清了其中五部律令的确切年代及大概成文年代。第四部分对《桦树皮律令》十八部文本进行了拉丁文音写、汉译和注释。注释包括语文学和文献学两个方面。该部分主要利用多种文献史料对比的方法,对《桦树皮律令》、《蒙古—卫拉特律》、《喀尔喀济鲁姆》等诸多蒙古律令的相关条例进行比较,以求准确理解和翻译《桦树皮律令》,尤其是其中的某些复杂难解条例;从《元朝秘史》、《宝贝念珠》等蒙古文史书及档案文书中查找相关词语,对其用法进行比较,以此保证准确无误地解释疑难词句。文献学注释包括《桦树皮律令》十八部文本的制定地点、历史人物的考证及律令中出现的法律术语、官号等的解释。第五部分对《桦树皮律令》的主要内容、刑罚体系及其反映的喀尔喀社会制度及阶级状况等作了分析研究。第六部分主要探讨了《桦树皮律令》的流传问题。该部分通过《桦树皮律令》与1640年《蒙古——卫拉特律》、《喀尔喀济鲁姆》以及与17世纪漠南蒙古与爱新国——清朝的蒙古律令进行比较,探讨了《桦树皮律令》内容流传走向和使用范围,进一步解释了清代内外蒙古律令地位之异同、蒙古传统律令在清代喀尔喀蒙古得以流传的原因等问题,由此进一步深入《桦树皮律令》的研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 "The Regulations on Birch Bark" was the laws document formed at Halha of Mongolia in the late 16 th and early 17 th century. "The Regulations On Birch Bark" awfully remains to be studied academic circles at home and abroads, the domestic study still belong to the starting point. This paper firstly all-sidely systematically interprets translates notes and studies of "The Regulations on Birch Bark". It is a all-newlly profound creativen academic work.This paper includs six parts. The introduction explains the finding of "The Manuscripts on Birch Bark", its content and the content of "The Regulations on Birch Bark" ,its value and Linguistic feature and the present conditions etc.Secondly,the paper expounds the era background and historical reason of "The Regulations on Birch Bark" formming.Thirdly,By making use of Mongolian file,the auther conducts textual reserch on written times of six parts of " The Regulations on Birch Bark".Fouth parts inculudes Latin transcription translation and note of eighteen parts of "The Regulations on Birch Bark". The note includes language and document two sides of study. By making use of the way that contrasting varied historical date,the auther comparing with similar article of the Mongolian Regulations as well as "The Regulations on Birch Bark" "The Mongol-Oyirad Regulations of 1640"and "Halha Jirum", in order to correctly comprehend and translate "The Regulations on Birch Bark",espacialy some complicated and difficult article in it ;look over of the correlative words and expressios in the mongolian historical records as well as "Yuan Chao Mi Shi ", "Bao Bei Nian Zhu",contracts its use in order to correctly explain complicated and difficult words and phrases. The note of document includes textual reserch as well as maked place of eighteen parts of " The Regulations on Birch Bark" and historical figuer , explainning of law technical terms and official position etc.Fifth parts makes inquiries in to the several incidents that main contens of " The Regulations on Birch Bark" and criminal system,the political system and class situation, etc.Lastly , the paper discusses the question of "Regulations on Birch Bark" spreading in this part through comparing "The Ragulations on Birch Bark" with "The Mongol-Oyirad Regulations of 1640", "Halha Jirum ", as well as south of the deserts Mongolia and Aisin Gurun Qing government Mongolian laws dicusses the spreeding direction and usage scope of "The Regulations on Birch Bark", and also further interprets different and common points from inside and outside mongolian laws in region, the question that Mongolian traditional laws was handed in Qing Dynasty Halha Mongolia etc.更多还原