【作者】 曾繁相；

【导师】 黄新宪；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 教育史， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 1953年至1989年是台湾经济发展具有重要意义的时期。从1953年第一期四年经建计划的开局,到1989年十年经建计划的完成,台湾经济年均增长率高达8.93%,创造了“世界经济发展史上的奇迹”。此间,台湾经济发展经历了三次的转型。60年代中期,以农业为主向轻工业为主的第一次转型;70年代后,以轻工业为主向以资本和技术密集的重化工业为主的第二次转型;80年代以后,发展高科技产业,进入了以科技目标制约产业目标的第三次转型。在三次转型的过程中,经济发展经历了四个阶段。1953年至1960年为第一次进口替代阶段,是经济的稳定发展时期;1961年至1972年为出口扩张阶段,是经济腾飞时期:1973年至1981年为第二次进口替代阶段,是经济的繁荣时期;1981年至1989年为“自由化、国际化和制度化”阶段,是发展策略性工业时期。职业教育在台湾经济的发展过程中,起着不可替代的积极作用。然而,传统的教育价值观根深蒂固,使得在认识职业教育对经济发展重要性问题上走过了较长的曲折路程。随着经济转型、产业升级,职业教育的重要意义逐步得到昭示。在此过程中,当局适时制定职教发展政策,开展人力发展规划,调整、改革职教发展措施,提高办学层次,优化办学结构,逐步完善职业教育的办学体制,顺应了职业教育与经济发展相互促进的规律。与此同时,当局加强了工职教育、职业培训和残障人员的职业教育。职业教育办学体制的改革、办学水平的提升均取得良好成效,为促进台湾经济转型和产业升级奠定了人力资源基础,为台湾迈入发达地区的行列创造了不可或缺的条件。更多还原

【Abstract】 From 1953 to 1989,Taiwan’s economic development was in the period of great significance.From 1953 when the 1st four-year economic construction plan was implemented to 1989 when the plan was completed,the average annual economic growth rate was up to 8.93%in Taiwan,and created a miracle in the economic history of the world.During this period, Taiwan’s economic development went through three transformations.In the mid-1960s,the first transformation from the agriculture to the light industry was achieved.In the late 1970s, they completed the second transformation from the light industry to the capital-based and technology-intensive heavy chemical industry.After the 1980s,Taiwan developed high-tech industries and went through the third transformation to make use of technology objective to restrict industry objective.In this process,the economic development went through four stages. The period from 1953 to 1960 was the first stage of import substitution,which was the period of economic stable development.The period from 1961 to 1972 was the stage of export expansion,which was the period of economic takeoff.The period from 1973 to 1981 was the second stage of import substitution,which was the period of economic prosperity.The period from 1981 to 1989 was the stage of liberalization and internationalization and institutionalization,which was the period of vigorously developing strategic industries.Vocational education has played an irreplaceable and active role in Taiwan’s economic development.However,the deep-rooted traditional values make the people to have gone through a tortuous journey in realizing the importance of vocational education to economic development.Along with economic restructuring and industrial upgrading,the importance of vocational education is gradually being taken seriously.The authorities have made vocational education development policies in time,made human development plans,adjusted and reformed vocational education development measures,raised the level of running schools, optimized school structure,and been improving the school system of vocational education gradually.At the same time,The authorities have strenghtened industrial vocational education, vocational training and handicapped people’s vocational education.The reform of vocational education system and the upgrading in the school system have made great achievements,which has laid a foundation to promote economic restructuring and industrial upgrading in Taiwan, and created indispensable conditions for Taiwan to march toward the developed areas.更多还原