【作者】 王安明；

【导师】 杨春和；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院研究生院（武汉岩土力学研究所） ， 岩土工程， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 由于盐岩具有良好的密封性、低渗透性、良好的蠕变行为和损伤自愈合性,使得盐岩构造已被国际上公认为石油、天然气储存和高放射性废物处置的理想场所。我国层状盐岩的基本赋存特点是“盐岩层数多,单层厚度薄,盐岩体中一般含有众多夹层(如泥岩层等)的独有特点”,在这种层状盐岩中实施能源储存与国外成熟的盐岩储存技术相比,将更具复杂性。本论文针对层状盐岩体当前广泛关心的差异变形问题和层状两相复合不均匀介质问题,结合湖北省盐岩层的沉积特点,对层状盐岩力学特性,变形机理,本构模型及储库运营中的长期稳定性问题进行研究,主要开展了以下几个方面的工作:1.层状盐岩力学特性试验研究:通过对湖北云应盐矿盐岩层,泥岩夹层开展单三轴压缩实验、单三轴蠕变实验,获得了其相应的力学参数,将湖北云应与江苏金坛等地盐岩单三轴压缩应力应变全过程特征、强度特征和蠕变力学特性对比分析;将湖北云应含硬石膏夹层与江苏金坛含软泥岩夹层成分,分布和蠕变力学特性进行对比;对层状盐岩界面进行微观分析和对界面的作用进行分析。2.层状盐岩因弹性参数不匹配产生的变形问题进行研究:借助于数值试验方法对含泥岩夹层层状盐岩体力学和变形性质进行ABAQUS有限元分析,在考虑盐岩层中含不同厚度夹层和不同力学参数夹层时,研究层状盐岩在单三轴压缩条件下因弹性参数不匹配产生的细观应力和位移场,研究应力集中问题和差异变形机理。3.层状盐岩因蠕变率不匹配产生的变形问题进行研究:用有限元方法对不同夹层含量层状盐岩在单轴压缩和低围压三轴压缩下蠕变力学响应进行计算,分析在蠕变过程中层状盐岩界面处的应力松弛,应力重分布和应变变化规律,研究层状盐岩中盐岩层和夹层在蠕变过程中相互作用规律和非线性蠕变性质,进而研究不同泥岩夹层含量对层状盐岩蠕变力学特性的影响。4.建立层状盐岩体各向异性非线性蠕变增量型本构模型:运用细观力学分析方法和应变协调原理,通过考虑泥岩夹层弹性性质、盐岩弹性性质及蠕变力学特性和各相相对体积含量推导建立了层状盐岩体各向异性非线性蠕变增量型本构模型,运用有限元增量迭代算法和FORTRAN语言将建立的本构模型编写成子程序嵌入ABAQUS软件中进行二次开发,并对本构模型进行试验验证和讨论。5.层状盐岩溶腔长期稳定性分析:运用上述建立的层状盐岩体各向异性非线性蠕变本构模型对湖北云应盐矿拟建储油库、储气库进行长期稳定性分析,分析层状盐岩溶腔在在不同运行压力和不同流变年限下储库腔周变形规律和应力分布特征、以及位移分布规律,对层状盐岩溶腔储库的建造和运营提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Salt rock is recognized as an ideal medium for energy storage or high radioactive wastes permanent disposal because salt rock have especial characteristic such as well creep deformation, low permeability and damage recovery. Bedded salt rock in China has the unique characteristics, "many layers of salt rock, the thin single-layer , salt rock in general contains many sandwich(mudstone, etc.) ", energy storage in the bedded salt rock will be more complex than abroad. This paper mainly considers the current two issues concerned widespreadly for bedded salt rock: the layered, heterogeneous lithology and differential deformation, creep between individual layers. In connection with sedimentary characteristics of salt rock in Yincheng city, HuBei , the mechanical properties of bedded salt rock, deformation mechanism, constitutive model and key mechanical issues in energy storage are studied, the main work are included as follows:1. Experimental study for the mechanical properties of bedded salt rock: uniaxial-triaxial compression test, uniaxial-triaxial creep test are performed to obtain the corresponding mechanical parameters, Comparison about stress and strain characteristics, the strength parameter and creep mechanical properties under uniaxial-triaxial compression between Yincheng salt rock and Jintan salt rock are presented, the microscopic analysis and the interface role of bedded salt rock are carried out.2. The deformation problem of bedded salt rock due to elastic parameters mismatch are studied: with the help of numerical experiment, the mechanics and deformation properties of bedded salt rock are analyzed with the finite element software ABAQUS, the micro-stress and displacement, stress concentration problems and the interaction mechanism are studied in the bedded salt rock with different thickness and different mechanical parameters under uniaxial-triaxial compressive loadings.3. The deformation problem of bedded salt rock due to creep rate mismatch are studied: creep mechanical response for bedded salt rock with different content interlayers under uniaxial compression and triaxial compression with low confining pressure with the finite element method are calculated, stress relaxation, stress redistribution and evolution of stress and strain are analyzed in the bedded salt rock, the interaction and nonlinear creep properties of bedded salt rock are studied, and then the effect of different content mudstone on creep mechanical properties of bedded salt rock are studied.4. The anisotropic nonlinear incremental creep constitutive model of bedded salt rock is established: based on the micromechanical method and strain compatibility principle, considering the elastic behavior of mudstone interlayers, elastic and creep behavior of salt rock, an anisotropic incremental nonlinear composite creep constitutive model of bedded salt rock is derived, the new model is rewritten to be a subroutine with fortran language and incremental-substituting algorithm, and then the model is introduced into finite element software ABAQUS, as a example, a simple bedded salt rock sample is modeled to verify the composite model, the result is agreed with the experiment.5. Long term stability analysis for bedded salt rock cavern: the above proposed anisotropic nonlinear creep constitutive model of bedded salt rock is applied to analyze the stability of the oil, gas storage cavern in the bedded salt rock in Hubei yunying city in this section, stress distribution, displacement vector image of bedded salt rock cavern are analyzed under different pressure and different creep time, these will give the reference for the building and operation of bedded salt rock cavern.更多还原