【作者】 张波；

【导师】 白世伟；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院研究生院（武汉岩土力学研究所） ， 岩土工程， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 本文结合国家自然科学基金重点项目“隧道及地下空间工程结构物的稳定性与可靠性”,以西部开发省级公路通道重庆至长沙公路彭水至武隆段共和隧道为工程背景,对隧道试验段岩体地应力测量并考虑岩体各向异性的地应力计算及岩芯饼状破裂分析。针对隧道试验段围岩变形特性和监测资料开展各向异性三维弹塑性计算,对隧道试验段喷锚支护的优化设计进行数值模拟研究,并对隧道试验段的岩暴预测进行探讨。地应力是确定工程岩体力学属性,进行围岩稳定性分析,实现岩土工程开挖设计和决策科学化的必要前提。针对岩体试验资料不足而造成的参数大范围欠缺的问题,采用应力解除法对隧道试验段区域的地应力进行测试,并对地应力测试过程中岩芯饼化现象进行数值仿真分析。应用正交各向异性弹性理论的钻孔周围的应力、应变分布规律及孔壁径向位移的计算公式,对地应力测试的试验结果进行了计算。计算结果表明,采用不同的理论模型对计算结果的影响较大,在实际工程中应根据实际的工程地质条件采用相应的理论进行分析计算。针对层状岩体各向异性及高地应力下屈服的特点,建立横观各向同性弹塑性本构模型。基于FLAC3D软件对用户进行材料本构模型的二次开发留下的接口,应用VC++对岩体横观各向同性弹塑性模型进行了开发,并编译成了动态链接库为软件所调用。通过一个简单的例子对横贯各向同性弹塑性模型的各向异性弹性及各向同性弹塑性进行了验证,结果表明,本文基于FLAC3D软件平台开发的横观各向同性弹塑性本构程序是正确的,可以应用与相关课题的分析研究。对共和隧道试验段围岩支护破坏进行横观各向同性弹塑性数值分析,依据分析结果,对隧道实地工程地质条件下围岩支护进行优化设计进行研究,围岩表现出显著的偏心受力状态,破坏区也表现出明显的非对称性,应在围岩的薄弱部位加强喷锚支护。应用人工神经网络的岩爆预测理论方法对共和隧道开挖过程中岩爆发生的可能性进行预测,并对是否考虑岩体各向异性时岩爆预测结果的差异性进行讨论。更多还原

【Abstract】 Funded by“Research on Stability and Reliability of Tunnel and Underground Space Structure”, a key project of National Nature Science Foundation of China, and taken GongHe tunnel(which was located between the villages and towns of Wulong and Pengshui, one segment of interprovincial highway from Chongqing municipality to Changsha metropolis) as an engineering example, in this paper tunnel in-situ-stress was tested and simulated firstly. Then, the failure mechanism of surrounding rock in deep buried tunnel was discussed using constitutive model of transversely isotropic and plastic. And meanwhile, rock burst, a familiar brittle fracture of hard rock in deep-buried tunnel, was forecasted by using BP neural network. For the research, the main studying content is listed as follows.Geostress is a indispensable precondition to ascertain the mechanical property of rock body, analyze the stability of surrounding rock, design the excavation of tunnel engineering and make decision scientifically. In this paper, for the reason of the lack of experimental information in a large scale, the technique of stress relief was applied to measure the geostress in the test tunnel segment of GongHe tunnel. The caky phenomenon of rock sample was also simulated by numerical method.Using the formula of stress distribution, strain distribution and distance distribution of bore wall educed by anisotropic theory, the geostress of tunnel zone was analyzed according to the geostress measure data, and the result indicated that the geostress was affected obviously by the chosen constitutive model, that is, different constitutive model leads to different results. So, it is very important to choose the proper constitutive model to rest with the geological condition of the actual engineering.The constitutive model of transversely isotropic and plastic was established based on the rock characteristic of transversely isotropic and the yield property under high stress condition. Also, the constitutive model was programmed using C++ computer language, then the program was embedded into the software of FLAC3D. The validity of program in transversely isotropic and plastic was tested separately by a general example, which can be used in the analysis of correlative issue.The failure of surrounding rock support for GongHe tunnel was studied using transversely isotropic and plastic constitutive model by numerical analysis method. According to the numeration result, design optimization of surrounding rock support was analyzed, and the result showed that the failure zone was dissymmetrical seriously. So, the weakness zone should be strengthened by bolting and shotcrete supporting. Based on the theory and method of artificial neural network, the prediction of possibility of rockburst for GongHe tunnel was studied during the course of tunnel excavation. Furthermore, the prediction difference of rockburst was discussed whether the rock characteristic of transversely isotropic was taken into account or not.更多还原