【作者】 那伟；

【导师】 刘继生；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 人文地理学， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 20世纪90年代以来,脆弱性成为国际上关于全球环境变化和可持续发展研究中频繁出现的一个概念,脆弱性理论和研究范式是地理学研究人地系统的前沿理论,是研究自然—经济—社会耦合系统相互作用的前沿科学问题之一。论文运用脆弱性理论对国家资源型城市经济转型试点城市——辽源市进行了系统地研究,分析了辽源市人地系统脆弱性表现和影响因素,并以此对辽源市人地系统的脆弱性进行了评价,提出了辽源市人地系统优化调控的对策。论文共分为六章。第一章综述了国内外关于矿业城市、脆弱性理论、人地系统的研究发展历程。在阅读大量文献的基础上重点论述了脆弱性概念、评价内容与方法、脆弱性的研究框架以及矿业城市研究发展历程等问题。第二章分析了辽源市人地系统演化过程和影响因素。论述了辽源市经济、社会和自然环境的概况,重点分析了辽源市从建制至今100多年的人地系统演化历程,并将整个历程分为四个发展阶段,最后分析了辽源市人地系统演化的影响因素:人口、自然资源、区位条件、社会因素。第三章研究了辽源市人地系统脆弱性的外在表现。首先,研究了矿业城市人地系统脆弱性的特征,分析了脆弱性与可持续发展之间的关系。其次,按照人地系统组成结构,分别分析了经济系统、社会系统、自然系统的脆弱性表现,并将辽源市经济社会发展与省内其他城市进行比较。论文认为经济系统脆弱性的表现是经济总量小,地区经济差距大;产业发展水平低和资本流失严重,政府财政积累能力弱。社会系统脆弱性表现是居民生活水平低;城市失业率高,工人技能差;市区人口密度过大,城市化质量差;棚户区和塌陷区面积大。自然系统脆弱性主要是城市生态环境差,工业污染严重,水土资源短缺,流失严重。第四章辽源市人地系统脆弱性的影响因素和因果过程分析。根据脆弱性的外在表现,总结分析了辽源市人地系统脆弱性的形成影响因素。按照不同的影响方向,将影响因素分为敏感性因子和恢复力因子,并分别对三个子系统脆弱性影响因素进行了分析。论文认为造成经济系统和社会系统脆弱性的敏感性因子是煤炭产业和计划经济体制;恢复力因子包括三次产业综合发展水平,外部援助能力等。社会系统脆弱性恢复力因子主要包括社会保障体系,城市基础建设,城乡一体化发展程度。自然系统脆弱性的敏感性因子是煤炭产业和传统产业对生态环境的破坏;恢复力因子包括城市生态环境治理能力、森林覆盖率和水土资源保有量等。第五章对辽源市人地系统脆弱性进行评价分析,根据辽源市人地系统脆弱性的分析,建立了评价指标体系和数学模型,结合熵权系数法和层次分析方法,从1990～2005年一共16个样本年,对辽源市人地系统脆弱性、敏感性、恢复力进行了评价。第六章辽源市人地系统脆弱性的优化调控对策。根据辽源市人地系统脆弱性的表现和评价结果,按照降低系统敏感性和脆弱性,提高自身恢复力的思路,分别对经济系统、社会系统、自然系统可持续发展提出了优化调控对策。结论部分总结了论文的主要结论和创新点,并指出了论文的不足以及未来研究方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the middle of 1990s, vulnerability becomes a frequent occurrence concept on global environmental change and sustainable development in the world. Vulnerability theory and research paradigm are the latest theory and the forefront of scientific problems in studying geography and natural–economic–social coupling system.The dissertation uses vulnerability to study Liaoyuan city systematically, as one of the national economical transitions cities, Liaoyuan is a mining city. The dissertation analyzes systematically vulnerability of performance and influential factors of Liaoyuan city,based on the analysis of vulnerability, the dissertation evaluates the vulnerability of Liaoyuan city and provides the control measures of man–land system of Liaoyuan city. The dissertation includes six chapters.In Chapter One, the author summaries the research and development process of mining cities, vulnerability theory and man–land system. On the basis of grasping extensive literature, the dissertation focuses on the concept of vulnerability, the content and method of evaluation, vulnerability research framework, as well as research and development of mining cities, and other issues.In Chapter Two, the author analyzes the evolution process and influential factors of man–land system of Liaoyuan city. The dissertation expounds the development of economy, society and environment in Liaoyuan city, the comment focuses on evolution process of man–land system of Liaoyuan city which spans more than 100 years, and the whole process is divided into four stages of development. Finally, the author analyzes the influential factors of evolution process of man–land system of Liaoyuan city, that is population, natural resources, geographic location and social factors.In Chapter Three, the dissertation studies the external performance of vulnerability of man—land system of Liaoyuan city. Firstly, the article analyzes the characteristics and attributes of vulnerability of man–land system in the mining city and the relationship between the vulnerability and sustainable development; Secondly, in accordance with the composition of man–land system, the article studies the vulnerability performance of the economic system, social system and natural system respectively, and compares Liaoyuan city with other cities of Jilin province on economic and social development. The article thinks that performance of vulnerability of economic system are that gross economy is small while the economic regional gap is large,industrial level is low,capital loss is serious and the ability of accumulation of government finance is weak; the performance of vulnerability of social system are low level of urban residents, high ratio of unemployment in city, inferior skills of workers, high population density in urban, poor quality of urbanization, widespread area of shantytown and subsidence region; the performance of vulnerability of natural system are low quality of urban ecological environment, serious industrial pollution and shortage of water and soil erosion.In Chapter Four, the dissertation analyzes influential factors and causal process of vulnerability of man–land system in Liaoyuan city. According to the external performance of vulnerability, the dissertation reviews the influential factors of vulnerability of the man–land system in Liaoyuan city. According to the different impact directions, the article divides factors of vulnerability into sensitivity factor and resilience factor, and analyzes influential factors of vulnerability of the three subsystems respectively. The dissertation thinks that the economic and social system vulnerability factors are the coal industry and the planned economic system; resilience factors are development of three industries and external aid, resilience factor of vulnerability of social system are the improvement of social security system and city infrastructure, the development of urban–rural integration. The sensitivity factors of vulnerability of natural system are the destruction of the ecological environment which is caused by the coal industry; resilience factors are the management capacity of ecological environment, the forest coverage rate and reserves of water-land resource.In Chapter five, the dissertation evaluates and analyzes the vulnerability of man–land system of Liaoyuan city. According to the analysis of vulnerability of man–land system of Liaoyuan city, the dissertation establishes the evaluation index system and mathematical model which use entropy-weight coefficient and analysis hierarchy process. Based on a total of 16 samples from 1990 to 2005, the dissertation evaluates the vulnerability, sensitivity and resilience of man–land system in Liaoyuan city.In Chapter six, the dissertation provides improvement countermeasures about the vulnerability of man–land system of Liaoyuan city. According to the performance and results of evaluation vulnerability, and ideas of reducing sensitivity and vulnerability of man–land system, enhancing resilience of man–land system, the dissertation provides improvement countermeasures about the vulnerability of economic, social, natural systems respectively.The main conclusions and innovation are summarized at the end of the dissertation, and the author also points out the shortage of dissertation and future research direction.更多还原