【作者】 马琳；

【导师】 周星；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 文学与传媒， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 “身份认同”(identity)作为20世纪90年代以来社会科学的研究主题之一,在大众文化的叙事文本——电视剧中同样显示了其作为问题的重要性。而框架分析(frame或framing)作为一种理论与方法近年来在传播学领域也应用十分广泛。电视剧在创作上不断走向成熟与壮大的过程中,电视剧的传播框架也在从传者到受众这一经典的传播过程中自然生成。那么,电视剧的传播框架是如何表征女性?而这样的表征又体现了怎样的关于性别的身份认同是本文的研究问题所在。框架分析在本文的运用尽管部分借鉴了传播学研究的方法论意义,但更多取自于其来自文化社会学的批判意义与其意识形态意义。电视剧表征女性时,在观念与意识形态层面形成了和谐框架、本位框架、男权框架与冲突框架等框架类别。这些框架潜在于作为表现形式的题材、主题、形象与叙事等层面,因此这些形式因素则构成另一重框架,即题材框架、主题框架、形象框架和叙事框架,这些框架的形成体现了创作者对女性形象的选择与建构。透过这些框架可见:电视剧所建构和传播的每一个女性形象都来自于创作者曾有的社会与文化经验,因此可以说,正是社会与文化创造了性别,同时创造了性别的身份认同。在题材框架中,创作者对历史、军事、婚恋、刑侦等题材的选择不仅促成了电视剧的类型化,更在模式化的剧情中建构了符合历史与现实规范的女性形象,从而使女性认同始终在既有的框架中进行,无法僭越固有的成见。主题框架从更深层次涉及了创作者的主观意念与价值取向。通过对一些热播主题的电视剧的文化分析,可以看出在或宏大或日常的主题表述中,女性主体性建构与身份认同的艰难。形象框架一章运用内容分析的研究方法结合文化研究理论对女性形象的建构进行多层面的理论探讨,从而揭示女性在个体角色与社会角色间的艰难选择。叙事框架是关于电视剧叙事特征的分析。创作者通过对叙事功能的充分把握,表达了电视剧的原型叙事与大众叙事等叙事类型对女性形象建构的权威话语。电视剧的性别传播框架不仅于以上几种,但以上传播框架大致能够代表创作者在进行电视剧创作时对社会与文化现实进行选择与建构的主要方面,这些框架所表述的性别秩序也大体能够体现出关于性别身份认同的主要观念。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the 1990s, "status identification" has been one of the subjects in socialscientific research. In the narrative texts of the popular culture------teleplays, statusidentification has also showed its significance in this question. However, frame analysis, as a kind of theory and method, has been quite widely applied in the field of mass communication. In the process of teleplay creation’s continuous maturation and grandness, the media framing of teleplays is naturally generated from the sponsors to the audiences during the classic course of the mass media. Then, how does the media framing of teleplays express females, and how can such expression embody the status identification related to gender, these questions are essential to the research problems in this thesis. The employment of frame analysis in the thesis partly uses the methology significance of mass communication research for reference, but more comes from the critical significance of its cultural social science and the ideology significance.When teleplays reveal females, harmonious frames, standard frames, male frames and conflict frames will be formed in the sense of concept and ideology. These frames are hidden in the senses of expressive forms, such as theme matters, subjects, images, narration, etc., which therefore forms another frame, that is, the frames of theme matters, subject frames, images frames and narrative frames, the formation of which exhibits the creators’ choice and composition of female images. It is obvious from these frames that every female image composed and promulgated by teleplays are from the creators’ ever social and cultural experience. Hence, we can say that it is just the society and the culture that create the gender as well as the status identification of gender.In the frames of theme matters, the subjective choices of history, military, marriage, detection and so on can not only contribute to the classification of the teleplays, but compose the female images according with historical and realistic norms in patternized scenarios, so that the female identity is being carried all the time in the existing frames without arrogating the intrinsic prejudices. Subject frames involve the originator’s subjective motif and value tropism in a deeper sense. Some cultural analysis of the teleplays with popular subjects shows the difficulty in the composition of subjectivity and the identity of status in magnificent or daily descriptions.The chapter of images frames employs the combination of content analysis research method and cultural research theory to probe into the composition of female images extensively, therefore reveals females’ tough choices between the individual role and the social role.Narrative frames relates to the analysis of teleplays’ narrative characteristics. According to the sufficient grasp of the narrative functions, the originator utters authoritative discourses, which reveals female images influenced by archetype and public narration of teleplays.The gender media framing of teleplays comprises more than the categories mentioned above, which can approximately represent the main aspects of choices and composition in social and cultural reality during the originator’s teleplay creation. The gender order revealed by these frames can also embody the main concepts of the status identification related to gender in general.更多还原