【作者】 金保华；

【导师】 孙绵涛；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 教育学原理， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 我国教育管理理论研究水平相对低下和教育管理实践活动中伦理缺失或道德失范的现实状况,决定了无论着眼于进一步抬升我国教育管理的理论水平,提高我国教育管理理论的理论品位,还是为改善我国当前教育管理实践活动中伦理基础严重缺失的状况计,都迫切需要我们加强对教育管理伦理基础的研究。有基于此,笔者将教育管理伦理基础的研究确定为博士论文的选题,希望通过对该论题的深入研究,对改善我国教育管理理论与实践两个方面的现实状况都有所助益。本研究内容,概括而言,就是在科学阐明教育管理伦理基础的内涵与特性基础之上,从教育管理与伦理之间的双向价值互动关系入手,通过对教育管理何以以伦理为基础的学理追问,以及对教育管理以何种伦理作为基础的科学求证,揭示教育管理活动中所蕴涵的基本道义精神和应遵循的基本伦理准则,为教育管理探询科学、先进的伦理基础,并藉此关照我国当前教育管理实践,分析了我国当前教育管理伦理基础缺失的原因,进而提出了我国教育管理伦理基础重建的具体路径。本研究除导论外,共分为六章。其中,第一、二、三、四章属于理论方面的探讨,第五、六章属于实践方面的关照。各章内容具体如下:第一章:什么是教育管理的伦理基础。本章首先在对教育管理、伦理等概念理解的基础之上,阐述了教育管理的伦理基础概念的内涵,即所谓教育管理的伦理基础,乃是指教育管理作为一种教育活动的有效组织方式所要求的“伦理价值取向模式”或“伦理范型”,这种“伦理价值取向模式”或“伦理范型”乃是在伦理方面对教育管理活动起主要支撑作用的观念和规范所构成的一种伦理价值体系。继而探讨了教育管理伦理基础的特性问题,认为教育管理伦理基础是教育性与管理性、理想性与现实性、相对性与绝对性的统一。第二章:教育管理何以以伦理为基础。本章从可能性与必要性两个方面回答了教育管理何以以伦理为基础的问题,即教育管理内在具有伦理的属性为教育管理以伦理为基础提供了可能,伦理的教育管理价值与功能又使教育管理以伦理为基础成为必要;必要与可能的合题,证明了教育管理活动必然需要相应的伦理价值体系作为支撑,或曰其必定要求建立在一定的伦理追求基础之上。另外,还对教育管理伦理基础与教育管理科学基础、教育管理法律基础等其他相关基础之间的关系进行了相应的分析与论述。第三章:教育管理应以何种伦理作为基础。追问教育管理应以何种伦理为基础,也就是探讨教育管理的善恶(伦理)标准问题,即教育管理应该秉执何种的伦理价值观(善恶观)、遵循什么样的伦理价值规范。首先,本章介绍了伦理目的论(效果论)与伦理道义论(义务论)这两种伦理学上相互对立的学派的善恶标准观点,分析了它们各自理论上的缺陷;继而,以马克思所创立的唯物史观为理论基础,通过对伦理道德起源原因的分析,指出了善恶判断的两个标准,即人性尺度和社会尺度(其中,人性尺度是善恶判断的终极标准;社会尺度是人性尺度的具体展开和体现,它以人性尺度为中心,服从、服务于人性尺度),认为它们共同统一于人的自由发展这一“马克思主义确立的‘至善’目标”,并在此基础之上,确立了教育管理应坚持的基本伦理立场,即科学、先进的教育管理善恶标准乃是以人的自由发展为基本规定性的。最后,具体讨论了教育管理应该遵循的伦理原则,即恪守人道、发扬民主、崇尚公平、坚持公益等,并对其进行了学理上的论证。第四章:西方主要教育管理伦理观及其启示。本章通过考察西方主要教育管理伦理观(西方主要教育管理观所体现的伦理观),即科学主义教育管理伦理观、人文主义教育管理伦理观、自然连贯主义教育伦理观,在详细分析西方主要教育管理伦理观不足的基础上,重点阐释了其对我国教育管理的重要启示。第五章:我国教育管理伦理基础之反思。本章通过对我国当前教育管理现状的深入考察,指出当前我国教育管理伦理基础缺失的具体表现,即人道之残缺、民主之遮蔽、公平之戕害、公益之褪隐,并深入分析其成因,认为传统文化消极因素之影响、市场经济负面效应之作用、现行教育管理体制之缺陷、教育管理伦理研究之缺失这四个方面是造成我国当前教育管理伦理基础缺失现状的主要原因。第六章:我国教育管理伦理基础之重建。本章根据前述相关理论,以及对我国当前教育管理伦理基础缺失的成因分析,提出重建我国教育管理伦理基础的具体对策与路径,主要有以下几个方面:树立主体教育管理观、创新现行教育管理体制、加强管理主体的人格塑造、推动教育管理伦理制度化、发展教育管理伦理学学科等。更多还原

【Abstract】 The reality of relatively low researching standard in educational administration theories and the phenomenon of ethics lacking or misusing in its practices determine that we need to further intensify the research on the ethical foundations of educational administration, which is urgent for us not only from the perspective of enhancing the level and quality of educational administration theories, but also from the perspective of improving the poor situation of severely lacking ethical foundations in the present educational administration practices in our country. Based on the above points, I take the research of education administration ethical foundations as my doctorate thesis’s topic, and I hope my opinions will be helpful to improve both the educational administration theories and practices through in-depth research on such topic. To put it briefly, the contents of my thesis include: clarifying the connotation and characteristics of educational administration ethical foundations in a scientific way, exploring the interactive relations between education administration and ethics, inquiring the reason why educational administration bases on ethics, certifying what kind of ethics can be foundations of educational administration, revealing the basic moral spirits and ethical principles that need to be followed in educational administration practices, trying to find scientific and progressive ethical foundations for educational administration, analyzing the cause of laking ethical foundations with reference to present educational administration practices in our country, and then putting forward the specific ways of restructuring the ethical foundations of educational administration.With the exception of introduction, this thesis is divided into six chapters, of which the first four chapters are related to theories, and the last two are based on practices. The main topics of each chapter are summarized in the following paragraphs:The first chapter: What are ethical foundations of educational administration? This chapter is based on the understanding of such concepts as educational administration and ethics. I expound the connotation of educational administration ethical foundations, namely, "ethics-oriented mode" or "ethical model" being asked for in educational administration as an effective way of organizing educational activities. Such model or mode is in fact a kind of ethical values system, including the main opinions and standards that can be supportive in educational administration practices. Then I inquire into the unique features of educational administration ethical foundations, holding that it is a unity of education and administration, ideality and reality, relativity and absolutism.The second chapter: Why educational administration is based on ethics. This question is answered from two respects: possibility and necessity. That is to say, on one hand, ethical property makes it possible for educational administration to have ethics as its foundation, on the other hand, the educational value and functions of ethics make it necessary to be foundations of educational administration. The possibility and necessity make common efforts to prove that educational administration practices inevitably need corresponding ethical value system as its support, or we can say it must be established on the foundation of certain ethical pursuits. Besides, I also analyze and discuss the relations between ethical foundations and scientific foundations, ethical foundations and law foundations, ethical foundations and other related foundations of educational administration.The third chapter: What kind of ethics should educational administration be based on? In fact, it is also a question about the ethical standards of educational administration, namely, what ethical concept of value and what ethical principles should educational administration obey. Firstly, I introduce main ethical ideas of two opposite schools on ethics: teleological theories and deontological theories, and reveal their defects respectively. Secondly, I put forward two standards of judging what is moral and what is immoral, namely, humane rule and social rule (the former is the supreme standard of judging, whereas the latter is the embodiment of the former. It centers on it, obeys it and serves it.) I think both the two are unified in human beings’ free development, which is the utmost goal according to Marxism. On such basis, I establish foundational ethical standpoint that educational administration should stick to, namely, scientific and progressive ethical standards should be based on human beings’ free development. At last, I discuss the ethical principles that educational administration should obey, such as strictly observing humanity, carrying forward democracy, esteeming equality and adhering to public welfare, and prove that by using theories.The forth chapter: Main ethical views of educational administration in western countries and their enlightenment. Through inspecting main western ethical views of educational administration (the ethical views embodied by main western educational administration views), such as educational administration ethical view of scienticism, educational administration ethical view of humanism, educational administration ethical view of natural coherenism, and on the basis of analyzing in detail the defects of main western ethical views, I focus on their important enlightenment to the educational administration in China.The fifth chapter: Reflection on the ethical foundations in our country. Through an in-depth investigation to the present educational administration researching situation in China, I point out that the ethics-lacking in educational administration can be found in the following aspects, incompleteness of humanity, disobedience to democracy, defiance of equality and violation of public welfare. By analyzing the phenomenon in a deep-going way, I find ethics-lacking in educational administration is mainly caused by the influence of negative aspects in traditional culture, the negative impacts of market-based economy, the defects of present educational administration tizhi and the lacking of researches on ethics of educational administration.The sixth chapter: Restructuring the ethical foundations of educational administration in our country. According to the related theories mentioned in previous chapters, and by analyzing the causes of ethics-lacking in educational administration, I put forward the specific Countermeasures and ways of restructuring the ethical foundations, namely, establishing views of subjective educational administration, creating new educational administration tizhi, building educational administrator’s personality, push the systematization of educational administration ethics and developing the subject of educational administration ethics.更多还原