【作者】 孙淑英；

【导师】 申利明；

【作者基本信息】 南京林业大学 ， 家具设计与工程， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 近十年来,中国家具业经历了一个高速发展期,形成了以珠江三角、长江三角、成都、大连等为中心的家具生产基地,出现了许多家具生产专业镇和家具生产专业村;并且大批国际家具产业把生产基地转移到中国,家具企业经营方式呈现多元化,私营、个体企业、独资、三资大量涌现。而部分企业只关注生产效益,忽视安全生产,无论从管理机构及专(兼)职安全技术人员的设置,还是安全生产规章制度的建立及实施,以及厂房布局、防护设备等很多不符合安全生产要求,导致工人产生不安全行为。为实现国民经济的快速、健康、可持续发展,维护社会稳定,必须对家具生产过程中操作工人的行为进行必要的科学合理的安全评价和形成因子分析,以促进家具企业的安全生产。家具生产属于离散型的生产方式,具有生产设备种类繁多,机械化程度不一,家具产品种类多,更新换代快,家具的零部件种类多,生产工艺流程多,并且生产具有季节性等特点。家具产品及家具生产的这些特点,使得操作工人的不安全行为多种多样,难于测定、评价和控制。因此,本课题的研究对分析不安全行为危险性,找出不安全行为原因,制定安全措施,检验措施的有效性,探索一条安全管理的新方法,从而指导家具企业的安全生产具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。本文根据家具生产特点并通过现场观察调查研究,确定家具生产中的危险源和事故伤害类型;根据产生机理和行为特征,以及安全行为研究需要,界定不安全行为和人因失误;依据国家标准和企业特点,认定家具生产中的不安全行为。利用不安全行为率、危险指数和加权危险指数评价不安全行为现状,找出危险性大的不安全行为和作业位置;比较研究各类不安全行为的危险性、各作业位置不安全行为的危险性,并通过手工进料和自动进料作业位置不安全行为的差异研究,作业条件危险性和不安全行为危险性的相关性研究,发现不安全行为产生的原因。分析不安全行为产生原因,找出不安全行为形成因子,计算各不安全行为形成因子所占的比重,找出企业安全管理漏洞,并通过数据挖掘各形成因子之间的关联关系,制定安全措施。分析研究安全措施实施前后不安全行为的变化,验证安全措施的有效性。研究结果表明,这是一条行之有效的对不安全行为进行分析、评价和管理的方法。为家具企业的安全管理提供了新思路和新方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chinese furniture industry has experienced a rapid development period in the last decade. It has formed many furniture production bases, such as areas around of Zhujiang River triangle, Yangtze River triangle, Chengdu, Dalian etc. established many professional furniture manufacturing towns and villages. What’s more, a large number of international furniture industries shift their production bases to China. Furniture manufacturing Show diversified operations methods. Some enterprises only concerned with production efficiency, ignore safety in production. There Many factors which do not meet production safety requirements, such as management and technical staff of full-time security settings, the establishment of production safety rules and regulations and implement, the plant layout, and protective equipment, etc. therefore lead to unsafe behaviors. To realize the national economy’s rapid, healthy and sustainable development, and to ensure social stability, we evaluate the behaviors of furniture production workers in the course of the operation and analysis causing factors to ensure that the furniture industry’s safety production.Furniture production is discrete modes of production. It has some features such as a wide range of production equipment, with varying degrees of mechanization, too many kinds of products upgrading rapidly, The variety of furniture parts and components, more of the production process, seasonal production etc. these features would lead the insecurity of workers operating a variety of difficult, evaluation and control. So our researches is significant on analysis of risk of unsafe acts, finding unsafe acts reasons and thereby has its important theoretical and practical value on guiding the furniture industry’s safety production.According to the furniture production characteristics and actual survey, this paper find the source of risk in furniture production and definite the type of injury accidents. It also defined unsafe behavior and human error, according to a mechanism and behavioral characteristics and behavior of security needs. All these are based on national standards and characteristics of enterprises.The current situations of insecurity are evaluated through acts of insecurity, risk index and weighted risk index. The main unsafe behavior and its operations positions are also identified. This paper comparatively studies the dangers of various acts of the unsafe act and the operating position of the unsafe acts, differently studies the hand-feed and automatic feeding operations location unsafe behaviors. It also uses correlational study method to analyse the operating conditions dangerous and unsafe behaviours. Thereby, the unsafe behavior disciplines are founded.We analyse the causes of unsafe behavior, identify unsafe behavior form factor, calculate the proportions of all factor causing unsafe behavior, find loopholes in safety management, develop improvement measures by associativity of factors getting from data mining.We have analysis the change of the unsafe behavior and Verified the effectiveness of measures to improve. The results show that this is a proven unsafe to conduct analysis, evaluation and management methods. It presents furniture enterprises a new ideas and new methods in their safety management.更多还原