【作者】 张伟军；

【导师】 袁乃昌；

【作者基本信息】 国防科学技术大学 ， 电子科学与技术， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 在高技术局部战争中,低可观测目标大量出现,给防御方的防御能力提出了相当高的要求,因此十分有必要对较新体制雷达(如冲激雷达)的探测能力进行研究。本文围绕超宽带瞬态信号在探测隐身目标方面的应用潜力的研究这一主题,建立了一套超宽带高功率微波空间目标探测雷达实验系统,并根据系统的需要研究了超宽带信号检测、时域天线阵接收和辐射特性、时频域自动测量系统设计与实现等相关问题,主要包括以下内容:1、基于应用要求,设计了一套由功率合成的全固态脉冲发射机、超宽带平面喇叭发射天线阵、超宽带开槽接收天线阵、正交解调采样接收机、主控计算机五大部分组成的超宽带空间目标探测雷达实验系统。2、研究了基于小波分析的超宽带信号检测方法:提出了基于小波多尺度分解与最大似然比相结合的目标检测技术;提出了利用小波包分解来提取目标能量特征量,并结合学习向量量化(LVQ)神经网络进行目标检测的方法,通过仿真表明了这两种方法的有效性;提出了根据超宽带目标回波特点进行的多周期积累方法,取得了良好的效果。3、通过时域波形、归一化能量方向图、归一化峰值方向图对天线阵实测结果进行分析,得到了时域天线阵列接收或辐射规律。并将部分分析结果与FDTD仿真结果进行了比较。4、开发了一套频域宽带RCS自动测试系统以及一套时域UWB脉冲目标测量内场系统,为超宽带目标特性的研究提供良好的试验手段,有利于验证雷达实验系统的测结果。5、利用雷达实验系统,成功地探测到在外场环境中几公里处光学区RCS很小的目标,并根据实验结果,总结了冲激雷达实验系统对目标探测的有关规律。更多还原

【Abstract】 With increasing emergence of targets, those are hard to be detected, in the high tech local war, higher defending-ability is required, and so it is very necessary to study the detection ability of the new system radar, such as impulse radar. The subject of the paper is to study the potential of an UWB transient signal for the stealth target detection, so the ultra-wideband high power microwave (UWB-HPM) radar test system for space target detection was established, and the UWB signal detection、the transmitting and receiving characterization of a time domain array and the realization of time/frequency-domain auto-measurement system were studied, according to the requirement of the system. The main contents are outlined as follows:1、An UWB-HPM radar experiment system for space target detection including a power synthesis solid state pulse source、an UWB planar horn antenna array for transmitting、an UWB slot antenna array for receiving、a quadrature demodulation receiver and a computer for controlling was brought forward based on the requirement of the application.2、The UWB target detection method was studied based on the wavelet analysis; The target detection technology based on wavelet multi-scale decomposition and generalized likelihood ratio was brought forward; Another target detection method based on energy feature of wavelet pack and LVQ neural networks was put forward, and the simulation results show that both methods are validity. The multi-period accumulation method according to the UWB target echo characteristic was brought forward, and the excellent result was obtained.3、The law of transmitting and receiving characteristic of time domain antenna array was obtained by analyzing the measure data using time-domain waveform、normalized energy pattern and normalized peak pattern, and the part of the analysis results were compared with the simulation results of FDTD.4、The frequency-domain Wideband RCS Auto-Measure System and the time-domain ultra-wideband pulse target measure system was designed for indoor range test, the two systems can provide ways for research on UWB target characteristic, and validate the test result of the radar experiment system.5、The target, which radar cross section (RCS) is very small in optical area, was detected triumphantly outdoor range many kilometer away by the radar experiment system, and the target detection law of impulse radar experiment system was obtained.更多还原