【作者】 白生海；

【导师】 田景春；

【作者基本信息】 成都理工大学 ， 沉积学， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 以先进的层序地层学、高分辨率层序地层序、沉积学等理论和方法为指导,以青海省石炭纪～侏罗纪含煤地层为研究对象,开展了沉积体系、岩相古地理、层序地层、聚煤规律及其控制因素研究。通过对研究区野外剖面系统、细致的观察,结合测井、地震及区域资料的综合分析,应用宏观和微观相结合的手段,在岩石类型、沉积构造、剖面结构分析的基础上,在研究区石炭纪～侏罗纪识别出2个沉积体系组、11个沉积相,详细论述了各类沉积体系特征。在上述基础上,针对成煤沉积体系进行了深入系统的研究,并建立了冲积扇-扇三角洲成煤环境、曲流河-曲流河三角洲成煤环境、辫状河-辫状河三角洲成煤环境、湖泊成煤环境及有障壁海岸成煤环境成煤模式。针对不同的沉积体系类型,采用不同的层序地层学理论和技术方法开展含煤层序地层研究。石炭纪～三叠纪含煤地层为海相沉积地层,运用Vail经典层序地层学的方法,通过基干剖面研究,在层序界面特征、界面的成因类型研究的基础上,建立了层序划分方案,详细讨论了各级层序特征;中下侏罗统含煤地层为陆相沉积地层,运用高分辨率层序地层学进行研究,从中识别出短期、中期、长期3个级别的基准面旋回层序,进一步分析各级次旋回层序特征。在此基础上,详细研究煤层在层序地层格架中发育规律。在成煤环境、成煤模式及层序地层研究的基础上,结合前人研究成果,对青海省4个赋煤带进行煤炭资源量预测,其中祁连山赋煤带煤炭预测资源量为2205650万吨、柴北缘赋煤带煤炭预测资源量为1207787万吨、唐古拉赋煤带煤炭预测资源量为532557万吨,东昆仑-西秦岭赋煤带煤炭预测资源量为54006万吨。在上述基础上进行靶区优选,包括大通矿区外围找煤靶区、宁缠矿区外围找煤靶区、聚乎更矿区西段找煤靶区、滩间山找煤靶区、鱼卡煤田东部找煤靶区、野马滩—军牧场找煤靶区、结扎找煤靶区、豹草沟—尕松山找煤靶区、开心岭找煤靶区及扎苏-达哈找煤靶区等10个找靶区。更多还原

【Abstract】 Base on sequence stratigraphy, high-resolution sequence , sedimentary and other theories and methods, the depositional system, lithofacies palaeogeography, coal-accumulating and controlling factors of Carboniferous-Jurassic in Qinghai Province have been studied.Two group sedimentary facies, eleven sedimentary facies and many subfacies, microfacies types have been recognized and the depositional models have been stablished by macroscopical and microcosmic research methods, basing on the detailedly observation of field profile, combinated with conventional log, seismic and regional geological condition. Based on previous analysis, the coal-forming environments were systematical researched. The coal-forming patterns of alluvial fan—fan delta system, meandering river- meandering-delta, and braided-braided delta have been established.It is necessary to consider multiple factors in sequence analyses and to apply different interpretation models for different types of coal-forming environment. The coal - bearing strata of Carboniferous- Triassic is marine strata . Base on anlysis sequence boundaries and interface generation, the sequence stratigraphy framework is built up and the characteristics of the sequences are analyzed by Vail classic sequence theories and methods. The coal - bearing strata of Middle - Lower Jurassic Series is continental formation. Combined with the high resolution sequence stratigraphic theory, The formation was divided into short-term ,middle-term and long-term base-level cycle. On base of the previous analysis, the coal development pattern in sequence stratigraphic framework was analysised.Based on the comprehensive analysis of coal-forming environment, coal-forming pattern, and sequence stratigraphy, makes use of results of predecessors, the four enriched regularit ies of coal in Qinghai Province have been predicted, which include 22.05656 billion tons of coal resources in Qilian Mts, 12.07787 billion tons of coal resource in migration of north Qaidam Basin, 5.32557 billion tons of coal resource in Tanggula Mts, 0.54006 billion tons of coal resources in East Kunlun- West Qinling Mts. On the base of the study, the ten target areas have been predicted, which include the target area of Datong Mining Area outside, the target area of Ningchan Mining Area outside, the target area of Juhugeng Mining Area outside, the target area of Tanjian Mts Mining Area outside, the target area of Eastern of Yuqia , the target area of Yematan—Junmuchang, the target area of Jiezha, the target area of Baocaogou—gasong Mts, the target area of Kaixinling, and the target area of Zhasu—daha.更多还原