“后革命”时代的革命历史影视剧研究

【作者】 杨鼎；

【导师】 吴秀明；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 从建国起到“文革”结束的近三十年里,“革命”基本上一直是中国社会文化的主题;而革命历史电影作为承载与传播主流意识形态的重要媒介之一,从影像语言到叙事结构都形成了一整套的表述体系。新时期以来,随着社会理想的更替与现代化价值维度的确立,革命历史电影(以及后来加入的电视剧)的意义及其表述体系开始了漫长的“后革命”转移。特别是上世纪九十年代以来,社会文化和价值观念的总体位移,迫使革命符号必须与世俗的甚至时尚的文化元素混在一起编码才能得到一定的传播,革命的意义也由此一再被改写,并在改写中播撒。本论文从“后革命”转移的角度切入,对新时期特别是九十年代以来革命历史影视剧的意义编码与影像表达进行了较为详细的剖析,力图由此而描绘出中国社会某一侧面的精神旅行。论文主要由四个部分组成:第一章阐述从新时期初到八十年代末的现代化语境下革命意义的坚守与撤离。在主流视阈内,以“路线斗争”为主题的影片其目的是配合拨乱反正的政治形势树立革命历史形态的正确标本,并对革命概念做出新的阐释。随着文化反思的深入和影视观念的更新,基于人文立场的革命影视剧开始出现,它们力图在肯定革命历史合法性的前提下,尽量拓展个性的生存空间并使人性完美得到想象性的解决。八十年代中后期,类型化的影像叙事技巧开始在革命历史影片中浮现。第二章研究九十年代以来革命正史剧的时代转型。为了在多元文化语境中弘扬主旋律,革命正史剧一方面以“历史潮流”与“民族精神”的主题维持着观众对于革命意义的高位认同;另一方面又力求在介于凡人与伟人之间的叙事趣味中完成革命意义的低姿态表达。从文化生态学的角度考察,革命正史影片大多以国家节日中仪式的方式出场,这无疑影响着其意义表达。第三章主要解读红色原创剧的革命历史想象。当下的红色原创剧中,革命意义常常与暴力、权谋、女性等元素组合在一起,然而在一些影视剧中,革命者的人生轨迹与理想操守却以奇观化的形式呈现出来。在全球化语境中,面对文化“他者”时寓言化的革命历史影片开始出现。第四章探讨众声喧哗中红色经典文本的当下重构。由于新时期审美立场与观众的理想诉求、怀旧情感的错位,红色经典文本与当下现实之间深层次的对话平台始终难以建立。众声喧哗而又不得要领的状态实际上折射出我们面对激情岁月的不甘和无奈。作为一种文化参照,关于革命历史的想象将伴随着中国的现代化旅程。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the nearly 30 years from Chinese literary creation to conclusion of "the Great Cultural Revolution", "revolution" basically always was the Chinese society culture subject. The revolutionary history movie was treated as the important media that loaded and disseminated the mainstream ideology and formed an entire set of indication system. Since the New Time, along with social ideal change and modernized value dimension establishment, the significance and its indication system of revolutionary history movies , As well as afterwards television play, started long-time post-revolutionary shift. Specially since last century 90’s, the overall displacement of social culture and value idea forces revolutionary marks have to be mixed up and coded with common customary and even fashionable element in order to obtain the certain dissemination. Therefore the revolutionary significance is also rewritten repeatedly and spread in rewriting. The dissertation cuts in from the angle of post-revolutionary shift and analyses significance code and image expression of revolutionary history films and television plays since the New Time specially the 90’s and attempts to describe the spiritual travel of Chinese society in some side.This dissertation consists of four chapters. The first chapter elaborates the persevering and evacuation of revolution significance under modernized linguistic environment from beginning of the New Time to end of the 80’s. In mainstream sight, the goal of some movies which took "the struggle between two political lines" as subject was to set up the correct revolutionary history shape in harmony with the political situation called "bringing order out of chaos" and make the new explanation to the revolutionary concept. Along with thoroughly cultural reconsidering and the renewal of image idea, the revolutionary films and television plays based on the humanities standpoint appeared. They developed the existing space of individuality as far as possible and enable the human nature perfection to be solved in imagination under the premise of affirmation revolution history valid. In the 80’s intermediate or later stages, the type image narrative skill started to reappear in the revolutionary history movies. The second chapter studies the reforming of revolutionary history movies in form of biographies. In order to propagate the main melody in the multicultural linguistic environment, on the one hand the revolutionary history movies in form of biographies are maintaining the audience approval of their top significance by the subject called "historical trend" and "national spirit"; On the other hand they make every effort to complete the low-attitude expression in the narrative interest between average person and extraordinary person. If study from the angle of cultural ecology, we can find that major revolutionary history movies in form of biographies enter the stage as ceremony in national holiday and this inevitably affects its significance expression. The third chapter focuses on revolutionary history imagination in the original red revolutionary history television plays. In current original red revolutionary history television plays, the revolutionary significance is frequently combined with violence, political strategy, women, etc. however, in some films and television plays revolutionary life path and personal integrity actually presents as a marvelous sight. In globalization linguistic environment, facing dominant culture the fable revolution history movies start to appear. The fourth chapter discusses the reconstruction of red classical text in the numerous sounds clamor. Because the New Time esthetic standpoint is in contradiction with audience’s ideal demand and reminiscent emotion, the deep-level dialogue platform between the red classical texts and current reality is difficult to establish. The state that is clamorous but also misses the point reflects our unwilling and helpless facing the fervor years.As a kind of cultural reference, the imagination about revolutionary history will be following China’s modernized journey.更多还原