【作者】 李军；

【导师】 王德发； 邱家骧；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 能源地质工程， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 储层分布规律及控制因素研究是有效认识和评价储层,并指导油田(藏)高效开发的重要技术方法。火山岩油藏因储层分布规律复杂,准确认识和客观评价难度大而往往开发效果不佳。如何精细刻画该类型油藏分布规律,深刻剖析控制因素是火山岩油藏储层研究的技术核心与瓶颈,更是该类油藏能否成功开发的关键所在。论文以准噶尔盆地西北缘石炭系火山岩油藏作为研究对象,针对火山岩地层划分对比、岩性岩相与储层控制机理、储集空间类型及组合、储层成岩演化、裂缝识别与评价、储层综合评价等诸多难点,制定了多学科综合研究的技术路线。论文以多种动、静态资料为基础,传统方法与新技术相结合,对火山岩油藏岩性、岩相、孔隙、裂缝、成岩作用等方面进行了综合研究。在精细描述火山岩储层分布规律的同时,对火山岩建造、构造运动、成岩演化等多种控制因素亦进行深入分析,并提出特殊岩性—裂缝性油藏储层综合评价方法。论文经过认真细致的工作,得出以下主要成果和结论:①对石炭系火山岩地层建立了“段-喷发旋回-喷发期次-物性单元”火山岩地层划分方案,并对首次提出的“物性单元”进行了岩性岩相、物性、地震响应特征分析。晚石炭世岛弧火山喷发环境和北西走向深大断裂是形成中～基性火山岩的宏观构造控制因素,决定了准噶尔盆地西北缘石炭系火山岩分布特征。②研究区由溢流相、爆发相、火山沉积相、火山通道相和次火山相共五种火山岩相组成,油藏储层主要发育于溢流相、爆发相和火山沉积相中的玄武岩、安山岩、凝灰岩及沉凝灰岩中。③9种原生孔隙和裂缝在五个成岩演化阶段、12种成岩作用改造下,形成了19种原、次生孔隙和裂缝系统,构成了油藏复杂的储集空间和丰富的孔～缝组合方式。溶蚀(解)作用显著地改善了储层的储渗性能。在不整合面与断裂有利外部因素配合下,火山岩不稳定矿物的大量存是溶蚀(解)作用得以发生的重要内部因素,并使得次生溶孔集中发育于裂缝附近。④利用表征储层渗流特征的动态资料与地质静态参数有机结合,确定储层分类参数选取标准,并建立地质～油藏储层综合划分标准。论文研究成果已经成功应用到研究区开发方案编制中,指导了井位设计和井网部署。论文的研究思路和方法对同类复杂火山岩油藏的储层研究具有重要的借鉴作用。论文得出的结论对于完善、丰富火山岩油藏的研究具有重要参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The study on distribution of reservoir and controlling factors is an essential method for reservoir description and evaluation, which is also the foundation of exploiting oil and gas accumulation efficiently. Because of the extraordinary complication and aeolotropism of volcanic reservoir, how to characterize finely the distribution of reservoir and controlling factors of reservoir formation, has become a technical core and bottle-neck in reservoir research of volcanic oil and gas accumulations, which is also the key to develop this kind of hydrocarbon reservoir successfully.The paper takes the Carboniferous volcanic reservoir of the northwestern margin in Junggar Basin as the research object. Considering the difficulties in the study on the volcanic reservoir, such as stratigraphic classification and correlation of volcanic strata, the type of spaces and consociation, the diagenetic evolution of pore space and reservoir, identification and evaluation of fissure and fracture system, comprehensive evaluation of reservoir, interdisciplinary study has been carried out for volcanic reservoir. Based on kinds of static and dynamic data, the paper employs traditional methods and modern techniques together to study on the facies and lithology, pores, fractures and so on. The controlling factors of volcanic formation, tectonism, diagenesis and so on, were analysed comprehensively, meanwhile, the distribution regular of volcanic reservoir were delineated in detail, the method of integrative evaluation on unique lithologic & fractured reservoir was found out.After exact and careful work, this paper comes to following conclusions:①The dividing program of the Carboniferous volcanic formation has been established including eruptive cycle, eruptive stage and filtration unit; the features of the filtration unit ,including lithology and facies, physical property, properties of seismic reflection etc., that is applied firstly in the volcanic reservoir, was studied particularly. Basic and intermediate volcanic in island arc and discordogenic fault controls the volcanic distribution.②The volcanic facies of interest region include effusion facies, explosion facies, eruption-sedimentary facies, subvolcanic rock facies and volcanic neck facies, basalt, andesite, tuff and sediment tuff are the main reservoir rocks.③12 types of diagenesis and 5 types of evolutionary phase make 19 types of primary and secondary pore and fracture. The most important secondary pore is formed by the feldspar, zeolite etc. resolved in acid water via surface of unconformity and fault.④basing static and dynamic data, the parameters and standard of reservoir classification were built up.The study results have been applied to the development plan of the Carboniferous volcanic reservoir of the northwestern margin in Junggar Basin and used to direct well pattern design and well deployment. The study method can be referred to the research of complicated volcanic oil-gas reservoir. The study conclusion is significant to improve and enrich volcanic reservoir research.更多还原