【作者】 张峡丰；

【导师】 蔡镇钰；

【作者基本信息】 同济大学 ， 建筑设计及其理论， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 城市化促进了我国现代城市大型零售商业建筑的较快发展,消费水平的提高对大型零售商业建筑的发展提出了新的要求,商业活动的发展在为人们提供前所未有的消费驱动力的同时,也加剧了以人类活动为主体的商业建筑与城市环境之间的矛盾。树立整体的系统环境观,改善大型零售商业建筑与城市环境的关系,为商业建筑的可持续发展奠定基础。论文的展开以商业建筑生态位的研究为起点,探索商业建筑生态位构建动力机制,对城市大型商业建筑生态位进行了应用分析,探讨生态位宽度评价体系与方法。论文内容包括:一,问题的提出。论文通过对商业建筑发展的背景分析,分析了现代大型商业建筑的购物中心化现象和城市商业建筑不同空间层面面临的问题,通过对其他学科专业的相关研究的借鉴,认识到商业建筑与环境之间的生态位关系,并提出论文的研究思路与框架。二,生态位是什么。论文界定了商业建筑生态位要素组成;定义了商业建筑生态位的内涵与特征;明确了商业建筑基础生态位、实现生态位、潜在生态位、生态位势论的概念;建立了商业建筑生态位结构模型;研究了生态位宽度、生态位适宜、生态位重叠、生态位分离等生态位结构关系和测度方法:基于生态位的理论和地理学相关内容,论文提出了商业建筑选址模型和建筑规模模型。三,生态位怎样形成的。论文基于商业建筑生态位构建的动态性的认识,论述了商业建筑的发展规律,城市商业空间关键要素特征以及集中、分散、供需、生态制衡、管治等构建商业建筑基础生态位的动力机制。四,生态位是如何运用的。论文应用生态位理论从城市空间上分析了购物中心化商业建筑发展状况,提出了发展策略;同时分析了发展引起的商业建筑生态位适宜的功能形态和规模问题。论文探讨了购物中心化城市大型零售商业建筑的生态位适宜性设计要素,尤其是自然气候要素;并提出了设计的空间模式策略。五,生态位是如何评价的。论文利用层次分析法和模糊数学等工具方法,建立了城市空间商业建筑整体生态位宽度适宜度评价体系、商业公共空间品质评价体系、商业建筑自然生态生态位适宜性评价体系;探讨了生态位的综合评价法和主观生态位适宜组合评价法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Urbanization promotes the rapid expansion of large retail commercial buildings in Chinese modern cities. The increased consumption level calls for new requirements for the development of large retail commercial building. The development of commercial activity provides an unprecedented consumption drive while aggravating the contradiction between human-activity oriented commercial buildings and city environment. Hence, establishing the systematical environmental concept and improving the relationship between large retail buildings and city environment help to lay a foundation for the sustainable development of commercial buildings. This dissertation starts with the theoretic study of commercial building niche, followed by explorations of the constructing dynamic mechanisms and application analyses of commercial building niche, and finally discussions of the assessment system and methods of niche breadth.The paper covers the following aspects:1 . Background of research questions. Based on the background analyses of the development of commercial building, the dissertation attends to examine the phenomenon of shopping centerization in modern commercial buildings and the problem of spatial correlation of city commercial buildings. With reference to the relevant studies in other subjects, the niche relationship between commercial building and environment is realized and the research design and outline are therefore forwarded.2. The definition of ’niche’ . The essay defines the elements of commercial buildingniche, and its connotations and characteristics. It identifies the concepts of fundamental niche, realized niche, potential niche and niche position, establishes the niche construction model of commercial building, and explores the niche relationships and measuring methods of niche breadth, niche adaptation, niche overlap and niche separation. According to the relevant studies of the niche theory, architecture and geography, this dissertation advances a locating model for commercial buildings and a construction area control model.3. The formation of niche. Based on the understanding of niche construction dynamicsof commercial building, the dissertation discusses the developmental rules of commercial building, the features of essential factors of city commercial space and dynamic mechanisms for building commercial building fundamental niche, namely, centrality, dispersivity, supply and demand, ecological balance, and governance.4. The application of niche. Shopping malls as representative commercial buildings areparticularly focused in this paper, and the niche theory is applied to investigate into the city spatial conditions and strategies of shopping malls and shopping centralization, exploring niche adaptation formula and adaptation design essentials of public space, functions and ecological energy saving measures of commerce building niche adaptation, from the perspectives of city space, urban public commercial space, commercial building and environment.5. The evaluation of niche. The suitability assessment of the niche breadth of urbancommerce building is the significant component of the whole niche theory. Differing in levels, the dissertation establishes the suitability assessment for the niche breadth of urban spatial commerce building, the evaluation system of the quality of commercial public space, the niche adaptation assessment system of the ecological factors of commercial building, and finally investigates into the comprehensive assessment of niche and combinatorial assessment of subjective niche adaptation.更多还原