奥古斯都文化方略探析

【作者】 乔琴生；

【导师】 张广智；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 世界史， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 罗马民族的成功与失败是历史学界长期以来关注的重要课题。奥古斯都时代作为罗马从共和走向帝制的关键转折点,起到了承上启下的重要作用。换言之,说明了奥古斯都时代成功的原因,也就离揭开罗马成功之谜又走近了一步。为此,罗马史的研究者们“上穷碧落下黄泉”,进行了多角度多层次的探讨。笔者也正是带着这样的问题意识来进行本文的研究的,即奥古斯都为何能使罗马在多年的内外战争后相对平稳地过渡到帝制,并继而开创了一个长达二百多年的“罗马和平”时期。笔者以为,在多种因素之中,文化的力量不容忽视。为此,笔者选择了文化方略的角度,力图通过文化方略的制定、实施和调整的过程,走进奥古斯都时代,走进他统治下的罗马。全文由导言、正文四章和结语共六部分组成。第一章,主要阐释奥古斯都文化方略的总体背景。具体说来尤指当时罗马帝国的政治状况,传统影响和奥古斯都个人的作用。第二章,主要阐述奥古斯都文化方略的内容之一,即奥古斯都的文学庇护和引导,以及文人对其文学政策的回应与互动。通过文学上的积极互动,罗马民族的伟大在文学作品中得到了反复验证。第三章,主要阐述奥古斯都文化方略的内容之二,即奥古斯都在建筑等视觉艺术方面的作为,这一领域的成果同样表现了帝国的理想和罗马的伟大。此外,奥古斯都推行了回归罗马传统的政策,这些政策为罗马社会的持续稳定和发展提供了一定的保障。第四章,主要阐述奥古斯都文化方略的困惑和调整。指出奥古斯都施行文化方略的过程并不是一帆风顺的,在其统治后期,政策中的不适反应一一呈现。为此,奥古斯都不得不进行了相应的调整。结语部分,从奥古斯都文化方略与时代、奥古斯都文化方略与文化庇护者、奥古斯都文化方略与文化人三个角度说开去,力图在上溯下延的历史长河中,阐述文化方略这一历史现象,并对奥古斯都文化方略的历史意义作一总结。更多还原

【Abstract】 Analysis On the Cultural Program of AugustusFor a long time, Roman nation’s success and failure have been the important subjects which the circle of history had concerned about. Augustan Age as the key turning point of Republican Rome to imperial Rome, played a important role in the nexus. It can be said that, if we can explain the reasons of success in Augustan Age, we could approach the mystery of Roman success by a step forward. Therefore, the roman historians have been working hardly on the multi-angle and multi-level studies. I also conduct this study with the same awareness, Why could Augustus in Rome after years of internal and external wars smooth relatively the transition to themonarchy, and then creat a long peace—"Pax Romana" , lasting about200 years . In my view, in a variety of factors, the strength of culture can not be ignored. For this reason, the author will choose the perspective of the cultural program. And through the formulation, implementation and adjustment process of his cultural program, the author will try her best walk into the Augustan Age, walk into Rome under Augustan rule.The dissertation is composed by six components, including the introduction,the main body of four chapters and the conclusion.In Chapter I, the author will explain the overall background of Augustan cultural program. Specifically, the author will indicate the Roman Empire’s political situation , traditional influence and the important rule of Augustus the person.In Chapter II, the author will discuss the patronage and guidance of Augustus on literature , and the response and interaction of the literati. Through the positive interaction on literature , Rome nation’s greatness had been repeatedly verified in literary works. In Chapter III, the author will discuss the efforts of Augustus on the construction, and other aspects of the visual arts , which also showed the same ideals and the Roman Empire’s great. In addition, Augustus introduced the policy of returning to Roman traditions, and this policy was helpful to the development of the sustained and stable social and provided a certain degree of protection.In Chapter IV, the author points out that the process of implementation of the cultural program was not all plain sailing. In his late ruling, the problems emerged one after another. To this end, Augustus had to make corresponding adjustments.In Conclusion part, the author will discuss the phenomenon of cultural program from three perspectives: the cultural program and the era, the cultural program and the patrons, the cultural program and the intellectuals.And at last , the author will summarize historical significance of cultural program of Augustus.更多还原