现代化进程中的货币功能

【作者】 朱南松；

【导师】 陈学明；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 马克思主义哲学， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 本文探讨现代化进程中货币的社会历史功能,实质是通过货币功能的辩证分析,对现代文明和人类生存状况进行批判性的考察,以便将经济哲学研究导向历史唯物主义的路线:一方面,使经济学的研究获得社会批判的一般方法论意义,另一方面,使历史唯物主义的方法在具体的研究中得到实现,而不只是表现为一些抽象的方法论原则。本文从经济哲学的视角具体研究和阐释了货币给当今人类生活带来的巨大影响,货币的社会历史功能如何在经济职能的基础上发生、发展和变化,及货币形态和货币功能的最近发展趋势如何等等问题,全文共分五章,贯穿着历史唯主义历史与逻辑相统一的方法论特征。第一章以马克思主义政治经济学批判的成果为基础,概括性地讨论了货币的产生及其经济功能,在货币经济职能探讨的基础上阐释了货币的一般社会功能,同时指明了传统社会中货币虽然具有全面中介社会生活的可能性,但由于多方面的限制还存在许多禁区是货币不能进入的。随着生产力的发展,资本主义生产关系得到了普遍确立,货币突破了几乎所有的禁区进入了人类社会生活的全部领域,这一过程带来了传统生活方式的解体,在极大推进人类社会发展的同时,也带来了影响深远的消极作用,今天人类面临的许多重大难题总是或多或少与此相联系。论文第二章、第三章作为全文的重点对此进行了详细的阐释,既讨论了现代化过程中货币经济职能演化的特征,更以马克思主义的“异化批判”思想为基础,全面揭示了现代社会中货币带来的社会生活领域的各种扭曲和变形。虽然当今时代的主流仍然是货币资本的深化和发展,但却表现出了一些新的趋势和特征,论文第四章以全球化为背景对货币形态发展的最新趋势进行了探索,并在此基础上揭示了货币社会功能的极致化这一当代状况。虽然我们强调历史唯物主义为考察货币的社会历史功能提供了方法论基础,但毋庸置疑,人类思想史上从来不缺乏对货币社会功能的深入思考,为此,第五章从思想史的角度选取三种主要思潮,简单地概述了它们的货币思想或与货币功能相关的看法,并从马克思主义的立场上作出了初步的评判。通过这些具体的研究和阐释,论文力图表明,货币作为人类社会特定历史阶段的产物,在当今资本主义条件下,它已经成了人们之间最基本、最普遍的历史中介,或者说,在人类社会普遍资本化的前提下,货币原则全面贯彻到了几乎所有的社会生活领域,成为社会关系的普遍表征。在现代化的进程中,人类社会关系的这种货币化,给人类生活带来了双重的影响,此种影响正在日益地加深加剧,未来人类的发展将取决于对资本货币原则所产生实际影响和“趋利避害”,当然,此种掌控和超越的现实可能性和实际条件是由历史发展本身提供的,有待我们进一步的捕捉和探索。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper discusses the social and historical functions of the money during the modernization process. In essence, it critically inspected the modern civilization and human living conditions through dialectical analysis on the functions of the money, in order to conduct the research of economic philosophy in the historical materialism’s field: on one hand, it makes the research of economics obtain the general methodology significance of social criticism, on the other hand, it implements the methodology of historical materialism for specific researches, but not for some abstract methodology principles. From the perspective of economic philosophy, this paper studied and explained the great influence of human being’s life made by money, how the social and historical function of money were built, developed and changed on the basis of economic function and the recent trend of money and monetary form and function. This paper has been divided into five chapters, which history materialism and logic unified methodology features.In Chapter 1, it discusses the origin of the money and its economic function on the basis of critique results of Marxist Political Economy, generally explained the money’s social function on the basis of discussion of money’s economic functions and pointed out the possibility of money intermediating social life in traditional society although many restrictions still exist and make some areas inaccessible for money. Along with the development of productivities, the capitalist production relations have generally been established. At the same time, money broke through almost all limits and entered into all the fields of human social life. The process that brought about the disintegration of the traditional way of life, greatly promoted the development of human society. However, it also brought about far-reaching negative influence and many major problems humanity facing today are always linked to it with a greater or lesser extent. Chapter2 and Chapter3, as the emphasis of this paper, provide a detailed explanation for it. We not only discussed the evolutive characteristics of the money’s economic function during the modernization process, but also disclosed the distortion and deformation in the social life field brought about by the money on the basis of Marxism’s "Critiques to Alienation". Although the present mainstream is still the deepening and development of money capital, it showed some new trends and characteristics. Chapter4 explores the latest trend of monetary form development in the background of globalization, and on this basis reveals the extremalization of social function of the money, which is a contemporary status. While we stress that the historical materialism provides a methodology basis for the study on the social and historical function of the money. But undoubtedly, it is never short of deeply thinking on the social function of the money in the history of mankind. Therefore, Chapter5 selects three main thoughts in the perspective of thinking history, simply overviews their thoughts about money or views related with money functions, and to make a preliminary evaluation from the position of Marxist.Through these specific research and explanation, the paper sought to show that money, as a product of specific historical stage, has become the most basic and universal historical intermediary between people in the contemporary general capitalization. In other words, the money principle fully implements in almost all social spheres of life in the widespread capitalization of human society, and becomes the universal characterization of social relations. In the process of modernization, the monetization of people’s social relationship has brought mankind dual impacts, and such impacts are increasingly deepened. The developments of human future will depend on the real impact generated by the principle of the capital and money as well as "seek advantages and avoid disadvantages". As it should be, such a realistic possibilities and actual conditions of control and go beyond are provided by the development of history itself, and all of these are waiting for us to go deeper and explore more.更多还原