【作者】 童晓阳；

【导师】 王晓茹；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 电力系统及其自动化， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 大型电网互联对电力系统继电保护和稳定控制提出了更高的要求。国外多次大停电事故分析表明，传统后备保护在系统扰动引起的异常运行状态下容易误动作，引起电网的连锁跳闸。随着广域通信网络的快速发展和同步相量测量装置的出现，利用广域信息的广域后备保护系统(Wide-area Backup Protection System)受到国内外电力科技工作者的广泛关注。近几年来人们尝试将新兴的Agent技术与广域后备保护结合，已经取得一些基础性的研究成果。但是对广域保护Agent信息模型的研究开展得较少，如基于IP网络的保护多Agent系统的体系结构、协作策略是什么，如何建立一个仿真系统以模拟电力系统的运行和检验保护多Agent系统的整体效果。Petri网作为一种严谨的形式化建模和分析工具，适合于描述并发系统的行为，能否考虑将Agent与Petri结合，在形式上和理论上检验广域保护算法和对广域保护多Agent系统行为进行分析。基于Petri网的广域后备保护系统形式化验证在国内外尚不多见。本文首先介绍已有多种广域后备保护算法的研究现状，阐述Agent及多Agent的基本原理，介绍了与广域保护有关的通讯仿真模型的研究现状和Petri网形式化建模及其在电力系统的研究现状，指出本文的工作目标是研究电网广域后备保护多Agent系统的信息模型，说明本文的研究内容。针对广域后备保护系统的特点，深入研究了广域后备保护Agent的工作机制，包括广域保护多Agent系统对等协商的体系结构、保护Agent内部分层模型、基于有限状态机的状态转移、对等协商模式、容错性处理等。借鉴IEC61850，构造了广域后备保护Agent的对象模型、广域点对点通讯模式。研究构造广域后备保护多Agent系统的仿真模型，它包括多Agent系统、电网系统、广域通信网络、各种故障的设置等，仿真系统能够给出精确的通讯延迟数据、记录各Agent内部重要的处理环节和彼此之间的交互消息。通过多种故障情景下的仿真实验及其分析，验证了该仿真系统能够有效地检验广域保护算法的正确性和对各保护Agent的行为进行准确的分析。将Agent与Petri网两种理论结合，研究用于广域后备保护多Agent系统的形式化建模与验证的方法。对一种已有面向Agent Petri网模型加以改进，提出了改进型面向Agent Petri网模型。构造广域后备保护多Agent基本网(AOEPN)，对广域后备保护算法进行描述，对多Agent的交互行为进行验证与分析。针对各广域后备保护Agent对等协商的特点，运用着色Petri网概念，提出了对等协商多Agent着色Petri网模型(AOCPN)，给出其形式化定义，通过实例验证了该模型能够在理论上较好地检验广域后备保护算法的正确性、分析各种情景下各Agent的动态行为。另外，提出了多Agent动态行为等价替换的原理，给出其定义、定理和操作步骤，通过对广域后备保护多Agent系统着色网的动态行为进行等价替换的实例分析，验证了该原理的正确性。本文通过在保护Agent的工作机制、保护多Agent系统的仿真建模、基于面向Agent Petri网的广域保护多Agent系统的形式化验证等方面的研究工作，较为系统地构建了一个电网广域后备保护多Agent系统的信息模型，为以后的研究工作打下了坚实的基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Higher technology requirements are put forward to relay protection and security and stability control system with the development of interconnecting among large-scale power systems in last few years. The analysis from several blackouts of power systems overseas shows that traditional backup protections are prone to misoperate under exceptional running status by the disturbance of system, causing the cascade tripping. With the development of wide-area communication network (WAN) and synchronization measuring equipment based on GPS (Global Positioning System), novel wide-area backup protection (WABP) systems based on wide-area communication network and synchronized phasor measurement have been studied recently. The wide-area backup protection systems can obtain wide-area protection information to be aware of actual running status of power systems. The wide-area backup protection systems using agent technology are studied to solve the problem of traditional relays’ working independently. Some basic researcheson WABP multi-agent system have been made, but there are still some problems needed to be studied, such as the architecture of WABP multi-agent system based on IP communication, the corporative strategies and the simulation system for checking up the running performance of WABP multi-agent system. Petri network, as a strict formalization modeling and analysis tool, may be combined with agent to construct the model and analyze the behaviors of WABP multi-agent system.The research situation about WABP algorithms are introduced firstly. The principles of agent and multi-agent are expatiated, as well as the applications of agent on power system and their enlightenment for the study of WABP. The studies of communication simulation modeling on WABP and Petri network applications on power system are also reviewed. The objectives and researched content are proposed.According to the features of WABP system, the working mechanisms of WABP agent are studied, which include the architecture of WABP multi-agent system, internal multi-layer model of protection agent, the state transferring based on finite state machine, equal negotiation mode and robust measures. The information model and wide-area communication model of wide-area backup protection agent based on IEC61850 are proposed.The simulation system for WABP multi-agent system is studied, which includes the simulating design of agent, the models of power system and SDH wide-area communication system and the setting of some kinds of faults. The visual simulation results and exact communication delays can be obtained from the somlation system. The testing experiments and their analyses illuminate that the simulation model is correct and the performance of WABP multi-agent system can be checked up well.The formalization modeling for WABP multi-agent system combined the agent with Petri net is studied. The improved agent-oriented Petri net is put forward. The WABP agent-oriented elementary Petri net (AOEPN) is constructed. According to equal negotiation mode, the agent-oriented colored Petri net (AOCPN) is studied, using the concept of colored Petri net. The respective WABP-AOCPN is also constructed. The dynamic behaviors of WABP agents under some fault situations can be reasoned in the testing examples; the WABP algorithm can be tested as well. The definition and theorem of equal substitution of dynamic behaviors in multi-agent systems are proposed, as well as the operation method. The equal substitution processes of multi-agent systems in WABP-AOCPN are analyzed, which illuminate that the method of equal substitution is correct.The researches which include the working mechanisms of protection agent, simulation modeling and oriented-agent Petri net based formalization modeling for WABP multi-agent system are studied systematically in this paper. As a result, an information model for WABP system is constructed. These works give a well-grounded information support for future study.更多还原