【作者】 郭永春；

【导师】 谢强；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 岩土工程， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 论文以红层路基渗流、坡面侵蚀、可溶盐溶蚀等特殊工程地质问题为研究对象，应用现场地质调查、常规试验、微观分析、化学分析、物理模拟、化学模拟、数值模拟等研究手段，系统研究了红层岩土中水的各种物理化学效应微细观特征及其对工程的影响；首次建立了红层岩土中水的物理化学效应的工程判别标准：对红层地区路基设计施工中的特殊岩土工程问题，提出了新的设计原则及其工程对策。主要内容如下：(1)系统总结了我国红层在分布、地层、岩性、地质构造、岩层产状、岩体结构、工程性能、工程地质问题等8个方面的工程地质特征，为红层特殊工程地质研究提供了基础。(2)通过对铁路、公路、水利水电、建筑等30个工点调查总结，根据红层岩土中水的作用规律，将红层工程地质问题分为物理效应问题、化学效应问题和力学效应问题，较深入的研究了它们对红层路基稳定性的影响。(3)通过513组岩石、土工、化学、模型、模拟试验研究，证明了红层岩土中水的物理化学效应显著；提出了应用崩解指数、软化系数、胶结系数、CBR软化系数、自由膨胀率等参数判断红层岩土中水的物理效应工程判别标准；提出了应用PH值、电导率、关键物质成分含量等参数判断红层岩土中水的化学效应工程判别标准。(4)设计制作了红层岩土崩解率、崩解量、崩解速率等崩解指标的实时测试仪器，并得到了较为理想的崩解试验成果，为崩解试验指标获取和崩解规律研究提供了新的方法，并获得了红层岩土崩解新的成果。(5)设计18组室内外红层泥岩崩解模拟试验，得到了原状样、烘干样、风干样、饱水样在不同条件下的崩解变化规律、崩解破坏形式等试验参数。(6)通过对9种路基填料CBR试验研究，提出CBR软化系数的概念，应用CBR软化系数分析路基填料遇水稳定性的分析方法，并用红层填料实例验证分析方法的有效性。(7)设计制作了测量粗颗粒填料水平渗透系数和垂直渗透系数的改进仪器，并得到了不同压实度下红层填料的水平渗透系数和垂直渗透系数变化规律。(8)设计15组路堤渗流模型模拟和数值模拟，得到了路堤渗流与路堤几何形状、压实度、填料类型、填筑方式、水头压力、各向异性等参数的变化规律。(9)通过现场调查及野外试验，提出红层路基边坡坡面侵蚀基本特征和侵蚀深度确定方法。(10)设计18组浸泡、淋滤等化学模拟试验，得到了碱性红层岩土工程性能与蒸馏水、酸性水、碳酸水的变化规律。(11)通过12组化学成分、30组易溶盐、6组难溶盐，50组PH、50组电导率等测试分析，得到了红层岩土工程性质随PH值、电导率、关键物质成分含量等参数的变化规律。(12)通过红层岩土试样脱钙前后自由膨胀率对比试验，得到了红层岩土膨胀性、分散性随碳酸钙含量变化规律。(13)通过对5个工点的调查，总结了红层岩土中可溶性成分流失问题的基本特征，提出相应工程对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 The micro-middle engineering characteristics of water-rock physical and chemical interaction are researched for special engineering geological problems in redbeds region, such as embankment seepage, slope erosion, soluble salt corrosion, and so on. The methods of site geological survey, conventional tests, microscopic analysis, chemical analysis, physical simulation, chemical simulation, numerical simulation are used. The engineering criterion is established and new design principle is recommended about the water-rock physical and chemical interaction for redbeds subgrade project, firstly. The detail results as followed:(1)The engineering geological characteristics of redbeds are summarized on eight factors, including the distribution, stratigraphy, lithology, geological structure, attitude of rock formation, and structure of rock mass, geotechnical properties, engineering geological problems, which provides the basis for special geotechnical engineering study.(2)Based on the site investigation and analysis about thirty typical engineering examples, the engineering geological problems are concluded physical, chemical and mechanical effects.(3) It is proved that water-rock physical and chemical interaction is significantly through five hundreds and thirteen experiments. The physical effects engineering criterion is established, including the geotechnical parameters of the disintegration types, softening coefficient, cementation factor, the CBR softening coefficient, and free swelling rate. The chemical effects engineering criterion is established, including the geotechnical parameters of the PH, electrical conductivity and key components.(4) The real-time testing equipment for disintegration is design to test the disintegration rate and the disintegration discipline relation to time.(5) Through eighteen groups disintegration experiments for rough, like drying, dried-like and saturated redbeds mudstone samples, the different condition disintegration discipline and disintegration index are obtained.(6) Based on the California bearing ratio experiments about nine types roadbeds fills, the concept of California bearing ratio softening coefficient is suggested, the engineering criterion of roadbeds fills is established for fill water stability.(7) The percolation apparatus is design to test coarse fill horizontal and vertical permeability coefficient. The relation between horizontal and vertical permeability coefficient with compaction degree is obtained though the percolation apparatus.(8) Based on fifteen group physical and numerical simulation, the embankment seepage discipline is obtained with embankment geometry, compaction degree; fill type, head pressure, anisotropic permeability coefficient.(9) Through field investigation and field experiments, the basic characteristics of subgrade slope erosion are summarized and the method is advised to obtain the slope erosion depth.(10) Eighteen group immersion, chemical leaching tests are done, the law between alkaline redbeds geotechnical properties and the low salinity water, acidic water and carbonic water are obtained.(11) One hundred and forty eight group chemical tests are done, the redbeds geotechnical nature relation to PH, electrical conductivity and key components, are grasped.(12) Before and after decalcification free swelling comparison test, the change laws of swell and dispersion are obtained, while calcium carbonate content changes.(13)Based on five site investigation, the basic characteristics of soluble salt corrosion are summarized and the engineering measures are advised.更多还原