【作者】 陈运平；

【导师】 周绍森；

【作者基本信息】 南昌大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 科技创新已成为现代经济与社会发展的动力。根据现代经济增长理论的观点,技术进步是经济增长的内生动力之一。中外历史事实证明;科技创新是一国兴衰成败的关键,经济增长是一国可持续发展的基础,现代国家与地区之间的竞争是基于知识经济的竞争,无论从技术进步的角度,还是从人力资本的角度,科技创新在一国的经济增长中都有着举足轻重的地位和作用。当前,我们要落实科学发展观,最为重要的一条就是要转变经济增长方式,提高技术进步的能力和水平。高校正在迅速成为我国科技创新的主力军。随着国家科技创新工作的进一步开展,我国科技创新任务,特别是知识创新的重担越来越多地落到高校身上,高校正在迅速成为我国科技创新的一支主力军。高校科技创新一方面要注重知识创新,一方面还要面向经济建设主战场为区域经济建设服务。拥有丰富的智力、知识、信息资源和强大实力优势的高等院校是区域科技系统中重要组成力量,在知识经济发展的环境下,高校逐步开始走出象牙塔,主要通过高校科学技术研究活动参与区域的经济建设,与区域经济活动之间建立了多方位的联系。从这个意义上说,客观地对江西高校科技创新能力进行评价,系统地研究江西高校科技对区域经济发展的影响,有利于为促进江西区域经济发展、提高江西国际竞争力提供相关政策制定依据和建议。高校要真正成为国家技术创新的生力军,就要把自身的科技优势与企业的科技需求相结合。要在促进产学研一体化的实践中发挥更加积极的主导性作用;要围绕经济建设与产业发展的需要,紧盯企业产品开发与技术升级需求,主动参与重大的研发工程;要利用科技创新成果,建设一批有重大影响力的连接大学与企业的成果转化基地;要积极参与区域科技创新规划,承担地方科技攻关项目,充分发挥大学科技园区在区域科技创新方面的整合、带动与辐射效应。首先,本文从分析高校在国家科技创新体系中的地位和作用入手,在考察高校职能的基础上,明确了高校成为国家创新体系主体的必然性。在上述分析的基础上,本研究构建了江西高校科技创新体系,明确了其要素主体及功能,分析了其宏观及微观运行机制。然后,本文提出高校科技创新能力的概念及其内涵,认为高校科技创新能力包括科技创新基础能力、科技创新投入能力、科技创新产出能力、科技创新成果转化能力及环境支持能力,并建立了评价指标体系,即5个二级指标和37个三级指标。在建立评价模型的基础上,运用主成分分析法,对江西高校科技创新能力现状进行了较为全面的分析,并与中部六省进行了比较,同时对江西省11所研究生培养单位的科技创新能力进行了全面的分析和比较。指出了江西高校科技创新能力较弱,在中部地区处于落后地位,与经济社会发展不相适应,并提出了江西高校科技创新能力的相关对策建议。第三,在江西高校科技创新对经济增长贡献部分,尝试构建了江西高校科技创新对经济增长贡献的理论与实证模型。在具体测算江西科技创新对经济增长贡献时,从实证的角度测算了高校科技创新与企业科研院所等R&D机构的科技创新对技术进步的短期效用,并借用劳动简化法的思想,把高校科技创新的贡献份额给分离了出来,使我们更加清楚高校在国家科技创新体系和技术进步中的地位和作用。并从理论上,给出了技术因子的增长源泉的计算方法。最后,针对江西高校科技创新实际,在对江西高校科技创新能力、体系及对经济增长贡献的全面分析的基础上,从新增长理论、制度经济学理论出发,提出了促进江西高校科技创新与区域经济发展的机制创新及政策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Scientific and Technological Innovation is the driving force of modern economic and social improvement.According to the New Growth Theory,technological advance is one of the Endogenous driving force.The facts in China and foreign countries prove that Scientific and Technological Innovation is the most important factor for a country’s prosperity,and economic growth is the base of a country’s sustainable development.The competition between modern countries and areas is the competition based on the Knowledge Economy.Scientific and Technological Innovation is very important for a country’s economic growth,no matter we view from the point of technological advance or human resources.At present,to realize the Concept of Scientific Development,it is very important for us to transfer the way of economic growth and improve the capability of technological advance.Universities have become a main force of Scientific and Technological Innovation in China.With the development of Scientific and Technological Innovation in our state,Universities undertake more and more Scientific and Technological Innovation projects,especially for the knowledge Innovation. Universities have been becoming one of the main force of Scientific and Technological Innovation in China,(especially for the Foundation Innovation).We must fix our attention to the Knowledge Innovation and service the regional economic construction when carrying out the Scientific and Technological Innovation activities in Universities.With the powerful advantages of rich intelligence、knowledge information,Universities are the vital part of the Scientific and Technological Innovation system,on the background of Knowledge Economy,Universities step out the "Ivory Tower",establish all-round contacts with regional economic activities and Participate in the regional economic construction by undertaking its Scientific and Technological research work.On this point of view,it is meaningful to evaluate the capabilities of Scientific and Technological Innovation of universities in Jiangxi Province objectively and research its influence and functions to the regional economic development systemically.It will benefit to enforce the Scientific and Technological Innovation activities and provides the policy ground & some suggestions for the improvement of regional economy and international competition force of Jiangxi.To be the vital force of the technological innovation,Universities should undertake the following works;combining the scientific & technological advantages with the enterprise’s scientific & technological requirements、playing the leading role in the practice of Enterprise-University-Research Institute combination、participating in the important research projects by following the requirements of products development and technological improvement to meet the demands of economic construction and industry development、building some vital research achievements transformation bases which links universities with enterprises together by utilizing the scientific & technological achievements、participating in the planning of regional scientific & technological innovation、undertaking regional scientific & technological key projects to function its combinative、driving、radiative effects in the field of regional scientific & technological innovation.This dissertation analyzes the High schools role and functions in the state Scientific and Technological Innovation system firstly,and specifies the inevitability of universities to be the principal part in the state Scientific and Technological Innovation system on research of universities functions.And then,it constructs the Universities’ Scientific and Technological Innovation system in Jiangxi,specifies its principal parts and functions,analyzes its macro and micro operation mechanism.The definition and contents of Universities Scientific & Technological Innovation Capability is specified in this paper,including Scientific & Technological Innovation Foundation capability、Scientific & Technological Innovation Input capability、Scientific & Technological Innovation Output capability、Scientific & Technological Innovation achievements transformation capability and Environments Support Capability.Meanwhile,the evaluation index system(5 secondary indexes and 37 third level indexes)is established.In this paper,it analyzes the current scientific and technological status of universities in Jiangxi based on the establishment of evaluation mode by using Principle Component Analysis Method and compares with the other six provinces in Central China Area.It also analyzes the scientific and technological innovation capabilities of the 11 institutes which train graduates.It concludes that the scientific & technological capability of universities in Jiangxi is poor and drops behind in Central China Area,so it doesn’t meet the requirements of economic and social development,then some measures and suggestions are proposed to improve the scientific & technological capability of universities in Jiangxi.On the contribution of scientific & technological innovation to economic promotion,the theory and empirical mode on contribution of Jiangxi universities scientific & technological innovation to economic promotion is constructed,when measuring the contribution rate of Jiangxi universities scientific & technological innovation to economic promotion,this paper measured the short-term effectiveness of the scientific & technological innovation in universities and research institutes of industries to technology advance,by using labor-simplified method,it separates the contribution rate of High schools scientific & technological from the whole,thus the important roles and functions of universities in the state scientific & technological system is cleared.The counting way of technological factors as increasing resources is defined.At last,based on the current status and the all-round analysis of Scientific & Technological Innovation capabilities、system、contribution to economy development in Jiangxi universities,From the view of New Growth Theory and Institutional Economics,this paper proposes the internal mechanism and policy suggestions to promote Scientific & Technological Innovation in universities and regional economy development in Jiangxi.更多还原