【作者】 明辉；

【导师】 张晋藩；

【作者基本信息】 中国政法大学 ， 法律史， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 本文的研究意旨在于,通过对中国古代侵权行为法律制度史的勾画,分析中国古代侵权行为法之制度成因,探究该制度在传统中国社会中之运作,从而认识传统中国社会与“人”的生活秩序。本文主要运用了文本研究、比较研究、案例分析以及社会学研究等方法。本文的主要内容如下:第一章“中国古代法中相关概念之辩析”,主要辨析了与本文主题以及中国古代法相关的一些基本概念,例如,“义”与“利”、“公”与“私”、“罪”与“罚”等,并且试图在中国古代语境中界定“侵权行为”的内涵与范围。第二章“古代侵权行为法之历史演进”,在该章中,按照中国古代历史的发展时序,梳理了中国古代侵权行为法的起源和历史演革过程,并简要分析了不同历史时期古代侵权行为法律制度的特点。第三章“古代侵权损害赔偿制度之成因”,主要从传统中国的普遍社会心理、刑罚的替代适用、“埋葬银”制度等不同层面,详细分析中国古代侵权损害赔偿制度的历史成因,并且,以清代法律为制度之形成背景,简要描述了中国古代侵权损害赔偿制度体系。第四章“清代侵权行为的法律渊源及相互关系”,在该章中,主要以清代法律为背景,分析了传统中国社会中规制侵权行为的多元化法律渊源以及它们彼此之间的相互关系,并且,还通过简要叙述清代州县衙门对讼案的审断,进一步分析诸法律渊源如何能够在帝国对传统中国社会的控制中相互融合并发挥作用。第五章“清代侵权行为之类型及法律责任”,主要是在清代的法律语境中分析了中国古代侵权行为所呈现出来的形态与类型,并且,还详细分析了清代侵权责任的种类以及具体适用。最后,在结论部分,本文认为,古代侵权行为法是中国古代法的一个重要组成部分,并且经历了漫长而复杂的演进过程。中国古代侵权行为法的成因是非常复杂的,包括传统社会心理、刑罚的替代适用以及人命损害赔偿等诸多因素。在清代,最终构建起了一套完整而成熟的、独具特色的古代侵权损害赔偿制度体系。在传统中国社会中,中华帝国通过包括侵权行为法在内的古代法系统,规范着古代人际关系,控制着传统中国社会,维系着帝国社会秩序,从而实现了人间秩序与自然秩序的和谐。更多还原

【Abstract】 The aim of this paper is to analyze and explore the causes of formation of ancient Chinese law of torts and its operation, by describing the history of ancient Chinese law of torts, in order to realize the society of traditional China and the living order of“human”. This paper applied such text research, comparison, case analysis and sociological research as methods. The main content of this paper is as follows:The first chapter, Distinguishing and Analyzing Related Concepts of the Ancient Law in China, distinguished and analyzed some essential concepts in the ancient Chinese law related to the subject of this paper, such as“justice”and“benefit”,“public”and“private”,“crime”and“punishment”, and was to confirm the meaning and range of“torts”in the context of ancient China.The second chapter, the Historical Evolution of Ancient Tort Law, described the origin and historical evolution of the ancient tort law in China, according to the time sequence of the ancient Chinese history, and summarized characteristics of ancient tort laws in different historical periods.The third chapter, the Causes of Formation of Tort Damages System in Ancient China, analyzed the historical causes of formation of tort damages system in ancient China in detail, in different dimensions such as the universal social mind in traditional China, the substitute application of punishment and the Burial Silver institution, and in the background of Qing law, described briefly the ancient tort damages system in China. The fourth chapter, Legal Sources of Torts in Qing Dynasty and Their Relations, in the background of Qing law, analyzed some legal sources regulating torts in traditional Chinese society and their relations, and after reciting briefly the trial of case in Qing local courts, thus analyzed how those sources could inosculate each other and work in the imperial control of traditional Chinese society.The fifth chapter, the Types and Legal Liabilities of Torts in Qing Dynasty, analyzed mainly the forms and types of ancient torts in context of Qing law, and the categories of tort liability and its application in Qing Dynasty.Finally, in the last section, it concluded that the ancient tort law is one significant part of the Chinese ancient law, and underwent a long and intricate evolution; its causes of formation are very complicated, including the traditional social mind, the substitute application of punishment, the life damages institution and other factors. Until Qing Dynasty, it constructed one set of integrated, mature and characteristic ancient tort damages system. In the traditional society of China, the Chinese empire resorted to the ancient legal system, including the ancient tort law, and regulated ancient human relations, controlled the traditional society of China, maintained the imperial social order, thus achieved the harmony of temporal and natural orders.更多还原