【作者】 彭润金；

【导师】 张桂琳；

【作者基本信息】 中国政法大学 ， 政治学， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 乡村政治参与是乡村政治研究的重要组成部分，而乡村政治参与模式是对乡村政治参与这种特殊的政治现象予以必要简化、用适当的表现形式或规则描述其主要内容的结果。两委矛盾是转型期中国农村村民自治中，村党支部和村委会之间关系的一种特殊表现形式。本文以转型期中国农村两委矛盾为对象，分析转型期中国乡村政治参与两种模式之间的冲突，并论证从乡村群众参与走向乡村公民参与是转型期中国乡村政治参与模式转换的应然选择和必然趋势。乡村政治参与基本理论是政治参与理论研究的有机组成部分。在界定“乡村”、“政治参与”和“乡村政治参与”等基本概念后，本文第一章提出以乡村政治参与的主体身份为标准，划分乡村政治参与的两种基本模式。辨析乡村政治参与的主体身份，是一种有机融合政治理论、政治制度、政治文化和政治行为的理论尝试。通过辨析转型期中国乡村政治参与两种主体身份的基本内涵，本文以转型期中国乡村政治参与主体的群众身份和公民身份论为标准，将转型期中国乡村政治参与划分为乡村群众参与和乡村公民参与两种基本模式，并论述了两种基本模式的不同特征、功能和参与方式。在对转型期中国乡村政治参与进行一般分析后，第二章以乡村群众参与的理论视野分析了两委矛盾相关问题。在乡村群众参与理论视野中，两委矛盾的制度成因是乡村一元权力结构的失衡，这种失衡导致村党支部和村委会在竞争村庄一元权力结构核心的过程中产生诸多矛盾。因此，两委矛盾的化解之道即在于重塑乡村一元权力结构。通过回顾人民公社体制时期以来的乡村政治参与发展特征和转型期中国农村化解两委矛盾的两个典型方案，第二章论证了乡村群众参与模式对于转型期中国乡村政治参与问题的现实解释力。为了反思转型期中国乡村群众参与模式得以沿袭的原因，第二章还探讨了压力型体制对于转型期中国乡村群众参与的影响。乡村公民参与理论视野中的两委矛盾是第三章的研究内容。在这种理论视野中，两委矛盾的制度成因是乡村多元协商权力结构的缺失，这种缺失导致乡村公民参与不具备相应的乡村政治体制，由此导致村党支部和村委会为竞争乡村一元权力结构体系核心而产生诸多矛盾。因此，化解两委矛盾之道，在于健全乡村多元协商权力结构。第三章还探讨了民主合作制如何成为乡村公民参与在转型期中国农村得以发展的制度保障。第四章首先论证了转型期中国乡村政治参与模式的冲突和两委矛盾之间的内在因果联系，并指出，在两委矛盾的化解方案中，也体现着两种乡村政治参与模式的冲突，进而引出转型期中国乡村政治参与模式转换的问题。其次，论证了公民自治是转型期中国乡村政治参与模式转换的价值取向，公民教育是参与模式转换的功能取向，参与民主是参与模式转换的制度取向。再次，论证了转型期中国乡村政治参与模式转换的现实基础。最后得出本文结论：从乡村群众参与走向乡村公民参与是转型期中国乡村政治参与模式转换的应然选择和必然趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rural political participation is the important component of rural political research, the models of rural political participation is the result of necessarily predigesting rural political participation and describing its mostly component by properly rules. Two committees contradiction in field of Chinese villagers self- governance is the special form of relationship between the rural committee of China Communist Party and the Villagers committee in the period of Chinese social transformation. In this discourse, I will analyze the contradiction between two models of rural political participation in Chinese transition basing contradiction of two rural committees and will try to prove that it is the better choice and sure current that rural mass participation converts to rural citizen participation in Chinese transition.The basic theory of rural political participation in Chinese period of transformation is one of the important parts of political participation theory. After defining the meaning of "rural" , "political participation" and "rural political participation" ,the first chapter of this paper expresses the ideal that we can distinguish rural political participation into two models by the different main body identity of the rural participation. After defining the basic meaning of the two main body of the rural political participation, I argue that there are two models of rural political participation in the period of Chinese transformation and express the different meaning, functions and participation ways about them.After general analysis about Chinese rural political participation, the second chapter analyses some problems of the contradiction between two committees from the theory angle of rural mass participation. The main ideal is that the losing balance of the mono-constructer of rural power is the institutional reason leading contradiction of two committees, so the solving way is remolding the mono-constructer of rural power. By analyzing the characters of rural participation since the People’s Community and two cases in Chinese period of transformation, the second chapter improves the relationship between rural mass participation theory and the problem of the Chinese rural political participation. In order to analyze the reason that model of rural mass participation works in the period of Chinese transformation, the second chapter analyzes the impression of compressive system.The main ideal of the third chapter is analyzing the institutional reason of the contradiction between two committees. I argue that the reason is the losing of the pula-construction of deliberate rural power which made the contradiction between two committees. The contradiction happens when the rural committee of China Communist Party and the Village committee compete for the nuclear status of rural power system. So, remolding the pula-construction of deliberate rural power is the way how to solve the contradiction. Lastly, the third chapter analyzes how the corporative and democratic system become the institutional security of Chinese rural citizen participation.The fourth chapter analyzes the relationship between the rural political participation models’ contradiction and the contradiction of two committees, then I argue that there is contradiction between the two models among the solving means. Secondly I prove that the citizen self-governing is the valuable tropism during the transformation of two models, the citizen education is the functional tropism during the transformation, the participant democracy is the institutional selection during the transformation. Lastly the conclusion of this paper is made, I argue that it is the better choice and sure current that rural mass participation converts to rural citizen participation in Chinese transition.更多还原