【作者】 马思群；

【导师】 兆文忠；

【作者基本信息】 大连交通大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 铁路机车车辆虚拟样机系统是虚拟样机技术在铁路机车车辆设计与制造行业的具体应用，它是一个全面支持高速动车组、重载货车、提速机车三大新型产品开发与设计的集成仿真系统。在集成环境支持下，设计人员应用系统中集成的建模仿真工具以及相关的设计／仿真模型库，可以优质、高效地完成设计方案论证与优化设计等。以虚拟样机的核心技术——性能仿真为切入点，论文对由设计分系统、仿真分系统、试验分系统、管理分系统和支撑分系统五个子系统组成的铁路机车车辆虚拟样机的结构进行了阐述。其中，重点讨论了仿真分系统、管理分系统、支撑分系统之间的关系。论文指出虚拟样机最核心的技术是性能仿真(CAE)。围绕虚拟样机性能仿真管理与支撑技术，论文开展了一系列研究，其中包括协同仿真集成技术、数据协调技术，虚似样机性能仿真管理技术，广域网环境下信息安全共享技术，网络多用户环境下CAE资源的开发利用技术。论文的主要研究内容是：1．分析了铁路机车车辆虚拟样机性能仿真的特点，为解决性能仿真中的通信、协调所存在的问题，提出了与设计支撑体系相对独立的仿真支撑体系理论模型；提出了仿真单元的分层策略及数据协调技术，解决了仿真单元间的模型数据接口问题；在虚拟样机仿真体系的设计中引入CORBA／Java技术，实现了不同仿真应用软件间的互操作，使所提出的理论模型得以实现。2．分析了铁路机车车辆产品的开发过程，提出了在铁路机车车辆虚拟样机性能仿真过程中引入PDM作为管理工具。对基于PDM技术的集成仿真团队管理、应用封装与数据集成、知识库和专家库的管理进行了重点研究。最后以铁路货车K2型转向架侧架的建模—加载—分析计算过程为例，验证了PDM对铁路机车车辆产品性能仿真的管理及支持的有效性。3．分析了虚拟样机协同设计对网络的需求，对比分析了常用的基于局域网、基于广域网和基于因特网的协同设计网络模型的优缺点，综合上述网络模型优点、提出了基于VPN技术的虚拟样机网络支撑技术。分析了IPSec VPN所涉及的体系结构、相关协议等技术细节，给出了企业实施VPN网络的方式及可选用的相关产品，最后以中国北车集团为应用对象，详细阐述了在集团下属的不同企业间基于VPN技术协同设计网络的实现方法。4．对以应用服务提供商(ASP)模式实施远程CAE服务进行深入了研究，以中国北车集团为应用对象，阐述了以该模式开展CAE远程技术服务的可行性及必要性，给出了基于ASP模式CAE服务平台的结构框架，详细分析了每层结构的组成及功能；研究了该服务平台管理系统的结构组成，详细说明了系统数据库及主要模块实现的过程。对支持远程CAE服务的BBS仿真求助系统的设计及视频会议系统的选型、设计等技术细节也进行了深入的研究，并以铁路货车的疲劳分析过程为例，实例验证了平台在产品仿真过程中的实用性。本文的创新点：1．提出了与设计支撑体系相对独立的仿真支撑体系理论模型；提出了仿真数据协调技术，解决了仿真单元间的模型数据协调问题；通过采用基于CORBA/Java的三层结构，设计了虚拟样机仿真体系，实现了不同仿真软件间的互操作。2．提出了在铁路机车车辆虚拟样机性能仿真过程中引入PDM作为管理工具。对基于PDM技术下的集成仿真团队组织及权限管理、应用封装与数据集成、知识库和专家库的管理进行研究。并以铁路货车K2型转向架侧架的建模—加载—分析计算过程为例，验证了以PDM为铁路机车车辆虚拟样机的管理工具的有效性。3．提出了基于VPN的铁路机车车辆虚拟样机协同设计网络模型，该模型在使用安全性、经济性方面具有突出的优点。以中国北车集团为应用对象，在集团下属的技术中心间实现了基于VPN的协同设计网络连接。4．提出了应用服务提供商(ASP)模式的远程CAE服务模式。研究了ASP模式CAE服务平台的各部分组成，完成了CAE服务平台管理系统及视频会议系统的设计，并以铁路货车疲劳寿命预测的实例，验证了ASP模式进行远程CAE服务的实用性。更多还原

【Abstract】 RVVP (Railway Vehicle Virtual Prototyping) is VP technology’s specific application in the design and manufacture of railway vehicle, as well as a integrated simulation system comprehensively supporting the development and design of high speed DMUs, over loading wagons and high speed locomotives. Under integrated environment, designers can complete scheme argumentation and optimum design efficiently by using the integrated modeling simulation tools and its related design and simulation database.This paper presents the structure of RVVP composed by design, simulation, testing, management and supporting systems from the performance simulation which is the core of VP technology. At the same time the relationship of simulation between management and supporting system is emphasized.In this paper the author indicates the core technique of VP is performance simulation (CAE). Concerning its simulation management and supporting technique, this discourse carries out a series of study: techniques that dealing with collaborative simulation integration, data reconciliation, performance simulation management, the safe sharing mode of information in the extensive area network, the reasonable development module of CAE resource by network multi-user. Therefore this paper focuses on aspects as follows:1. The feature of performance simulation of RVVP is analyzed. This paper puts forward the theory model of simulation supporting system which is independent from the design one for solving problems in the correspondence and cooperation of performance simulation; the technique of data reconciliation and delamination strategy for solving the problem of model data interface existing in the simulation cell. In order to accomplish the theory model, the inter-manipulations among the simulation cells are solved by the way of adopting CORBA.2. This paper conducts an analysis of development process of railway vehicle products and advances the concept of introducing PDM as management tool under the process of RVVP’s performance simulation. And the group management of integrated simulation based on the PDM, application encapsulation and data integration, management of repository are researched. Finally, taken the process of modeling, loading and analyzing of K2 bogie frame as example, the validity of PDM as RVVP’s management tool is proved.3. The demand of VP collaborative design to network and the merits and faults of network model based on the Local Area Network, Extensive Area Network and Internet are analyzed. According to the merits of above network model, network supporting technique of VP based on VPN is put forward. As well as this paper analyzes technique detail of IPSec VPN related to system structure, relative agreement and puts forward the enterprise’s implement mode of VPN and related products. Finally, taken the China North Railway Group (CNR) as example, the author presents the cooperation design method based on VPN among the technical centers attributed to CNR.4. Using CNR as application object, further research of the practice of long-distance CAE service is made based on ASP mode. This paper presents the feasibility and necessity of mode developing long-distance CAE service and gives, structural framing of CAE service platform based on ASP mode. Special attention is paid to the constitution and function of every structure, as well as the management system composition of this service platform and the accomplishment of system database and main module. Further research of the design of BBS simulation help system supporting long-distance CAE service and the selection and design of Video Conference System are conducted.On the basis of fatigue life prediction for rail wangon, the validity of remote CAE service by ASP mode is proved.The innovations of this paper are given as follows:1. For the solution of modulation of model data existing in the simulation cell, the theory model of simulation system relatively independent from the design one as well as the technique of simulation data reconciliation are put forward. By the way of the three layer frame based on CORBA, simulation system of VP is designed to settle the problem of inter-manipulation among the different simulation cell.2. This paper puts forward the concept of introducing PDM as management tool during the performance simulation of VPRV. Research is conducted about the group management of integrated simulation based on the PDM, application encapsulation and data integration, management of repository. Taken the process of modeling, loading and analyzing of K2 bogie frame as example, the validity of PDM as RVVP’s management tool is proved.3. In this paper the author puts forward the collaborative design model of VPRV based on VPN, which offers remarkable advantage of the safety and economy. Using CNR as application object, collaborative design connection based on VPN is accomplished among the technical centers attributed to CNR.4. The mode and structure composition of remote CAE service by ASP mode is put forward so as to accomplish the design of CAE service platform management system and Video Conference System. On the basis of fatigue life prediction for rail wangon, the validity of remote CAE service by ASP mode is proved.更多还原