【作者】 胡雄伟；

【导师】 裴荣富； 史明魁； 吴良士；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质科学院 ， 矿床学， 1995， 博士

【摘要】 本文在分析超大型矿床及锡矿山锑矿床研究现状之基础上，贯彻辩证法的思想，运用区域成矿学的思路，研究锡矿山超大型锑矿床成矿地质背景及矿床成因。论文重点阐述了湘中地区大地构造环境、区域地质特征及深部地质背景，恢复和探讨了中生代区域地下水循环系统、地温场特征及其与锑矿之关系，讨论了锡矿山锑矿床及湘中锑矿集中区形成之区域地球化学背景，提出了富锑地球化学块体的认识。论文以地质事实为依据，重新划分矿床类型，厘定了控矿构造样式，对矿质堆积条件及发育机制进行了讨论。Sm—Nd、K—Ar同位素年代学研究指示成矿作用发生在侏罗纪。通过流体包裹体、稳定同位素(H、O、C、S、Pb)以及辉锑矿溶解度实验地球化学综合研究，认为成矿溶液为高锑含量之混合古地下热水，成矿物质(Sb、S)来源于基底地层系统。对比区域不同类型矿床流体及铅同位素组成特征，揭示了锡矿山矿床与其它锑、金—锑—钨以及金矿床具有成因上的相似性以及成矿物质来源之亲缘性。锡矿山锑矿床属于与古地下热水循环、排泄有关的矿床，建立了古地下热水循环及内排泄成矿模型，提出了超大型锑矿床矿质巨量堆积的基本条件以及找矿预测思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 This is a Ph. D. dissertation of regional metallogeny for Xikuangshan super—giant antimony ore deposits, Hunan province, China. The geotectonic enviroment, regional geological feature and deep—geological basement of the central Hunan were systematically outlined. The regional circulating system of paleo—ground water (paleo—hydrothermal solution) and the geotemperature distribution during Mesozoic era within the central Hunan were rebuilt, their relationships with the antimony mineralization occurences were discussed. A new concept of antimony—enriched geochemical block existed in central Hunan were proposed as the geochemical enviroment for the formation of Xikuangshan deposits as well as the antimony ore concentrated area of central Hunan. Xikuangshan deposit was reclassifed as that of beded—breccia type based on the re—analyses of ore—controlling structures. The ore depositing conditions (and/or enviroments) were. outlined in Xikuangshan area. A Sm—Nd isochron age of 156.36±4.63Ma was obtained which indicats that the antimony mineralization took place in Jurassic period. A great quantity of fluid inclusion and stable isotopic (H, O, S, C, Pb) data combined with experimental geochemical data of stibnite solubility demonstrate that the ore—forming fluid is a kind of paleo—hydrothermal solution (hot ground water) with a mixed origin. Ore—forming elements such as antimony and sulfur :may originated from the base strata system. The regional comparision of chemical compositions of fluid inclusion and lead isotopic data from various antimony ore deposits illustrate that the Xikuangshan deposit bear similarity in genesis and relativeness in the origin of ore—forming materials with other Sb, Sb—Au as well as Sb—Au—W deposits in the central Hunan. At last, the Xikuangshan antimony deposit is genetically considered as one related to the circulating and discharging of paleo—hydrothermal solution, a mineralization pattern of cycling and inner—discharging of paleogeofluid was constructed. Some basic geological and hydro—geological conditions which controlled the deposition of ore elements in exceptional quantities for super—giant deposits were concluded, and a clue to prospect such kind of deposits is also given finally.更多还原