【作者】 陈世平；

【导师】 陈毓川； 王登红；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质科学院 ， 矿物学、岩石学、矿床学， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 哈密地区地层分布齐全、沉积建造多样、地质构造复杂、岩浆活动频繁、变形变质作用明显,成矿地质条件优越,形成了区内多种类型的矿产资源远景区。本区主体属中亚成矿域,是研究大陆成矿作用的典型地区;同时,也是全球古生代多旋回造山带的典型地区之一。哈密地区目前已知矿点和已发现矿床达680多处,基础地质和矿产勘查工作有一定的基础,但以往工作侧重于某些区块或某些基础地质问题,对全地区性的成矿规律的综合性研究还较为薄弱,影响到矿产勘查部署与开发的长远规划。为此,开展哈密地区成矿规律的研究,不但有助于深化对成矿作用的认识,而且有助于为地质找矿工作提供理论指导。哈密地区是新疆对外开放“东出西进”的门户,被称为“欧亚大陆桥”的中哈铁路横贯本区,交通位置上,扼新疆与内地交通的要冲,是新疆乃至全国重要的黑色金属、有色金属、贵金属和煤炭资源的重要基地,是新疆东部最重要的经济区。因此,开展地区性矿产资源的评价研究,对于地方经济发展具有现实意义。本文在对哈密地区各类矿床开展野外地质调查的基础上,充分整理、吸收消化前人大量研究成果,运用矿床成矿系列的理论,对哈密地区四维成矿规律进行了综合分析、研究;比较系统地阐明了哈密地区的地质构造格局及矿产资源的基本特征,划分了成矿区带,对各区带的地质特征、成矿规律进行了总结。结合日常工作,参加编制了哈密地区地质矿产图;在典型矿床研究方面,选择前寒武纪的池西铁铜矿床和天湖铁矿、古生代的葫芦和黄山东等铜镍硫化物矿床、中生代的小红山铁矿和镜儿泉的伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床等代表性矿床进行了重点调研,其中池西和小红山属于本次工作新发现的矿产地。经过初步评价,池西铁铜矿中铁的最高品位可达62%以上,铜品位最高可达1.7%,Au最高可达5.89g/t;小红山铁矿铁的最高品位可达60%以上。利用Re-Os法测定了葫芦铜镍硫化物矿床的成矿年龄为283Ma,利用40Ar-39Ar法测定了镜儿泉伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床的成矿年龄为243Ma,丰富了成矿系列与成矿规律的研究,进一步讨论了地壳演化与成矿作用的演化轨迹,建立了重要矿床的区域成矿模式。在成矿规律和成矿系列研究的基础上,对哈密地区的大型矿集区进行了预测评价,提出了进一步勘查与研究的建议,为地区矿产资源规划提供了依据。文中指出,哈密的特征性矿产资源主要是黑色金属、有色金属矿床可以形成于加里东期、海西期、印支期和燕山期等不同时代;同时也指出了在中新生代岩浆活动区寻找黑色金属和贵金属矿床以及在前寒武系分布区寻找铁、铜、铅锌矿床的可能性。这些规律及其它成矿规律的揭示丰富了区域成矿学的内容,深化了对于哈密地区成矿规律的理性认识,对该区今后地质矿产勘查具有重要的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 MinerogeneTic series of ore deposits is related to the research on the mineralizaTion rule in the four-dimensional space, the evoluTion of metallogenic Time, space and substance during the earth development and their distribuTion rule. MinerogeneTic series study can increase the cogniTion of global substance rule, effecTively guide the ore prospecTing, and speed the exploraTion of mineral resources.Hami area is the significant producing area of ferrous metal, nonferrous metal, noble metal and coal resources in Xinjiang, even in the whole China, and also one of the typical mulTi-cycle orogen belts. In Hami area, at present, there have been discovered more than 680 ore spots and ore deposits. Although there have certain fundamental geology and mineral exploraTion been done, the previous work emphasized parTicularly on some regions or some fundamental geological problems and weakened the syntheTic research on the regional metallogenic rule, so it influenced the long-range programming of mineral exploraTion and exploitaTion. therefor, based on the field geological research into each type of ore deposits in Hami area, and fully coordinaTing and assimilaTing the abundant previous research fruits, the author has selected some key ore deposits for further dissecTion under the help of lithology and isotope chronology. through the research on Hami regional tectonic evoluTion and its ore-control effecTion, and on regional magmaTic acTivity and heat evoluTion history and its ore-control effecTion, and especially on minerogeneTic series and metallogenic rule, this paper has relaTively and systemaTically clarified the pattern of geological structure in Hami area and the evoluTion locus of the crustal evoluTion and mineralizaTion, and also tried to apply the minerogeneTic series theory to further understand the space-Time distribuTion and evoluTion lineage of mineral resources in Hami area. Since the author has raTionally compartmentalized the minerogeneTic series, systemaTically concluded the metallogenic rule, established the regional metallogenic model and further summarized the metallogenic rule in Hami area more systemaTically and integratedly, this paper can provide the theory reference for strategical target opTimality of mineral concentraTion regions, and propose the programming on the metallogenic prognosis and mineral exploraTion.According to the recent new fruits about the isotope chronology and inert gases isotope geochemistry, this paper has systemaTically established the minerogeneTic series and subseries of ore deposits in Hami area, and discussed the geological and geochemical feature of the minerogeneTic series and subseries of each type of ore deposits and their genesis. Moreover, it has also discussed the relaTionship between the evoluTion history of minerogeneTic series of ore deposits and the development history of orogen belts, and set up the metallogenic lineage and rule in Hami area, especially during the Hercynian cycle. In this paper, it’s pointed out that the characterisTic minerals in Hami mainly are ferrous metal and nonferrous metal, whose deposits formed during Caledonian epoch, Hercynian epoch, Indo-Sinian epoch and Yanshan epoch. then it also points that it’s very possible to prospect the ferrous and noble metal deposits in the Cenozoic and Mesozoic magmaTic acTive regions, and the iron and copper-lead-zinc deposits in the Precambrian distribuTion regions. the study on these rules and the metallogenic rules enriches the content of regional metallogeny, and deepenes the raTional cogniTion on the metallogenic rule in Hami area, and plays an important role in guiding the geological mineral work by theory.更多还原