【作者】 韩维生；

【导师】 吴智慧；

【作者基本信息】 南京林业大学 ， 家具设计与工程， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 工作研究是提高生产率并降低生产成本的首选技术，是精益生产(LP)和企业资源计划(ERP)管理等的基础，因此对板式家具生产系统进行现场工作研究具有重要的意义。本文旨在通过一系列科学方法，在构架板式家具生产系统现场工作研究的基本体系的同时，重点研究板式家具生产企业工时定额制定方法，初步建立三个主要生产设备的时间标准资料。研究内容和结论如下：(1)研究了板式家具的工艺流程、成组技术、加工质量和人机关系，并以工时定额的制定与应用体系为核心，初步形成了板式家具生产系统工作研究的基本框架。(2)分析总结了某企业板式家具零部件的9类工艺流程以及对某一流程“重排”的原因，重新设计了“板式部件工艺流程表”，这将有利于分析成组工艺流程。(3)通过分析某企业试装工序的现状和取消试装工序的可行性及意义，比较某企业板式家具零部件的加工质量标准与参考标准，提出了取消试装工序的一系列措施。(4)总结了板式零部件成组加工方法及11种常用钻孔加工方法，并探讨了板式家具零部件分类编码方法。针对板式部件的钻孔加工特点，提出了“成组加工单元+工序合理分化”的生产组织方法。通过对钻孔作业的个案研究，弄清了零件组、零件族、成组批量、作业排序、基本作业转换、部分作业转换、孔的有效组合等基本概念。(5)从作业分析角度对家具生产中的各种人机系统进行了分析，提出了不同的操作单元划分方法。(6)通过现场观察分析，对家具生产中的工时消耗和设备利用时间进行了分类研究，由此构成了统一的工时消耗分类体系。进一步比较了标准时间与工时定额的概念与构成。(7)对机加工车间进行的工作抽样表明，不同的人机系统具有不同的作业率，在制定其标准时间时应赋以不同的宽放率。(8)对WNT600数控裁板中心、比雅思TECHNO7全自动六排钻、成霸R6C全自动直线封边机进行了作业测定，建立了裁板中心作业各单元的时间标准资料和锯切单元正常时间的线性回归方程、与孔的有效组合相对应的钻孔单元时间标准资料、封边作业单元时间计算公式；提出了应用多元回归测定法进一步测定钻孔作业转换时间、根据“时间步”建立封边作业时间标准资料的方法。(9)初步研究了工时定额的动态评价技术、修正系数、衡量方法等，以便形成完整的研究体系。在此基础上，首次提出了板式家具工作研究图纸分析及其编码技术。更多还原

【Abstract】 Work study is the preferred technology to increase productivity and reduce production cost.It is also the foundation of lean production (LP), enterprise resource planning (ERP), andrelated measures. Therefore, work study on the production system of wood-based panelfurniture has important meaning.Within the framework of work study on the production system of panel furniture advancedby the author, this thesis aims at devising methods of quota time formulation for panel furnitureproduction enterprises in order to establish time standard data for three pieces of mainproductive equipment by means of serial scientific methods.The study contents and the results are as follows:(1) After the production flows, group technology, machining quality of panel parts, andman-machine relationships were studied, the thesis focused on the system of quota timeformulation and application; following this, a framework of work study on the panel furnitureproduction system was advanced.(2) Nine production flows of panel parts produced by the A enterprise were categorized,and the reasons why certain production flow had been rearranged was analyzed. In addition,"the production flow table for panel parts" was redesigned. This will aid in analyzing groupproduction flow of panel parts.(3) After the current situation of the trial assembly process of the A enterprise, and thefeasibility and significance of eliminating the trial assembly process were analyzed, the panelparts machining quality standards of the A enterprise were compared with some referencestandards. A series of measures to eliminate trial assembly processes were then put forward.(4) Some group machining methods and eleven common operational methods used to borepanel parts were summarized, and the parts classification and coding method was discussed. Inrelation to the boring characteristics of panel parts, "group machine cell & reasonable processdivision" as an organizational method was put forward. Based on the results of a case study onboring work, some basic conceptions, including parts group, parts family, group batch quantity,work scheduling, basic work changeover, partial work changeover, and valid hole combinationsbecame clear.(5) Regarding work analysis, various man-machine systems in furniture production wereanalyzed, and various methods used to divide operational units of different man-machinesystems were put forward.(6) Utilising spot observation and analysis, man-hour expenditure and equipment-hourexpenditure in furniture production, which constitute the united classification system of working-hour expenditure, were classified. The conception and the constitution of standard timeand quota time were then further compared.(7) Work sampling on the machining shop floor was carried out. The results showed thatdifferent man-machine systems had different working rates; their standard times, therefore,should include different allowances.(8) Work measurement on the WNT600 numerical control panel sizing center, the BIESEETECHNO7 fully automatic six rows multi-boring machine, and the Weiber R6C fully automaticlinear edge-bonding machine were completed. The time standard data of each unit of the sizingcenter’s work and linear regression equations of the sawing unit’s normal time, the timestandard data of the boring units corresponding to valid hole combinations, and the timecalculation formula of the edge-bonding work unit were formulated. Furthermore, we discussedthe multiple regression measurement method to measure boring work changeover time, and themethod to set up time standard data of the edge-bonding work according to "time pace".(9) In order to construct a complete framework, the dynamic evaluation technique,correction coefficients, measurement methods of quota time, and some other aspects of quotatime application were studied. Furthermore, a drawing analysis and its coding technology forwork study on panel furniture was put forward for the first time.更多还原