【作者】 廖萍萍；

【导师】 李建建；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 经济思想史， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 马克思指出：“社会关系的含义是指许多个人的合作，……，一定的生产方式或一定的工业阶段始终是与一定的共同活动的方式或一定的社会阶段联系着的，而这种共同活动方式本身就是‘生产力’”。本文从马克思对合作范畴的表述出发，提出了研究马克思合作思想的新视角。文章从两个方面拓展了合作的概念：第一，马克思合作思想的传统诠释只是从生产关系层面上理解合作，本文认为合作不仅是生产关系，也是生产力；第二，马克思合作思想的传统诠释将合作仅限于某一特定的历史阶段，本文认为合作是与人类历史的发展相始终的，应从人类历史发展的整个长河中来考察合作。本文运用马克思的辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义方法，对马克思的合作思想进行研究，以确立以下研究合作的基本观点：(1)合作不是由人的主观意识、而是由物质生产方式决定的，研究合作不能从人的主观意愿入手，而应研究人们所处时代的生产方式，并将合作与人的发展联系起来。(2)生产关系是合作关系的基础，但合作不仅表现为生产关系，也表现为生产力。研究合作不能单从生产关系或生产力方面入手，应从生产力和生产关系的辨证关系中研究合作。(3)研究合作不能从个体出发，应从社会和个人两方面入手，从共同利益和个人利益的辨证关系中研究合作，用整体分析和个体分析相结合的方法研究合作问题。(4)合作不是一个可以抽象成没有历史的博弈模型，合作也不是某个特定历史阶段的产物，应将合作放入整个人类历史的进程中来研究，做到逻辑与历史的统一。合作的生产方式就是和谐在经济领域中的体现，而合作的生产方式和经济的和谐又是构建和谐社会的经济基础。所以，研究马克思的合作思想有利于构建社会主义和谐社会。更多还原

【Abstract】 Karl Marx pointed out, "Social relationship means many people’scooperation.... Certain production mode or industrial period is always relatedto certain mode of common activities or social period, and this mode ofcommon activities itself is ’productive force’." From the statement above oncooperation, this paper conveys a new perspective of Marx’s cooperationthoughts. It expands the concept of cooperation in two dimensions: Firstly, itexpands the scope of cooperation from production relations in the traditionalinterpretation of Marx’s cooperation thoughts to production relations as wellas productive force; Secondly, it expands the span of cooperation from acertain historic period to the whole life of human history.Based on Marx’s dialectical materialism and historical materialism, thispaper studies Marx’s cooperation thoughts and establishes the followingideas: (1) Cooperation is determined by material production mode instead ofhuman subjective minds. So study on cooperation should not start fromhuman subjective minds. The production mode of the time period in whichpeople live, together with the relation between cooperation and developmentof human beings, should be taken into consideration. (2) Productionrelations are the foundation of cooperative relations. But cooperation is notonly produced in production relations, but also in productive force. So studyon cooperation should go into the dialectic relationship between the twoaspects instead of only one. (3) Cooperation should not be studied merelyfrom the aspect of individualism. It should be done by both holistic andindividual methods, socially and individually, taking both common andindividual interests into account. (4) Cooperation can not be abstracted intoa game model without history. Cooperation is not the offspring of a certainhistoric period. So Cooperation should be studied logically and historicallyin the whole process of human history.Cooperative production mode shows harmony in the economic field. Cooperative production mode and economic harmony lay a solid economicfoundation for a harmonious society. Therefore, study on Marx’s cooperationthoughts helps to build up a socialist harmonious society.更多还原