【作者】 王一兵；

【导师】 杨胜刚；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 金融学， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 从国内外对信用的研究现状看,尽管得出了许多研究成果,但从研究对象看,对信用的研究主要集中在信用载体和信用制度上,而对信用的另一构成要素——信用主体的研究非常缺乏。从信用主体的角度看,对信用的研究就是从经济学视角研究信用的资本化问题,也就是信用资本问题。本文以信用的主体即经济关系中的市场主体为研究对象,在分析信用主体与信用载体、信用制度的关系的基础上,分别运用马克思主义经济学和西方经济学理论分析了信用的本质内涵;尤其是运用马克思主义关于人的本质及其发展形态理论,深入分析了人的本质与经济关系之间的联系,指出信用的本质是对人(包括自然人和法人,下同)的一种信任,是人与人之间以信任为基础的社会经济关系。信用资本是突破对物的信任即对信用载体、信用工具的信任而形成的直接对人的信任,是对人的信任和对物的信任的辩证统一;随着经济信用化程度的提高,这种对人的信任会逐渐转变成一种值得重视的经济资源,并最终形成市场主体所拥有的信用资本。货币资本重在反映经济运行的结果,体现的是对物的重视,而信用资本重在反映经济活动的过程,体现的是对人的重视。只有重视对人的信任,并将对人的信任和对物的信任有机结合,经济社会才会持续、健康发展,货币资本等实物资本才具有“活”的价值。经济信用化程度越高,对人的信任就越受重视,信用资本的理论价值和现实作用就会日益突出。这种由对人的信任而形成的信用资本体现出了巨大的经济价值,日益成为广泛渗透经济社会、深刻影响市场主体行为、促进经济社会协调健康发展的一种重要力量。本文还深入分析了信用资本的形成机理,指出信用资本形成发展必须以信用信息资源的市场化为现实基础,以信用信息产品和商业化服务为价值载体,以社会信用体系等规范人的信用行为的信用法律制度和机制体系为制度前提,以市场主体的信用资本为人格化表现。以理论分析为基础,本文从历史的角度考察了160多年来美国信用资本发展的历史实践,分析了影响美国信用资本发展的政府因素、市场因素和企业因素等各种影响因素及其相互作用,指出了美国信用资本在不同的发展阶段对美国经济社会发展所表现出来的积极作用;旨在证明信用资本作为一种推动经济社会发展的重要力量,既是宏观的又是微观的,既是抽象的又是具体的,既是有形的又是无形的。并且,从信用资本的作用主要集中在对企业经营收益尤其是超额收益的影响出发,构建了能有效反映信用资本对企业收益影响程度的指标体系,建立了对企业信用资本进行计量分析的数学模型。并选取专用机械设备制造行业中的长沙中联重工科技发展股份有限公司(以下简称中联重科)为实证分析对象,以我国该行业平均水平为参考指标,具体分析了该公司的信用资本相对水平、收益及其来源,并将分析方法推广到所有专业设备制造业,通过实证分析对前面的理论分析进行了有效检验。最后,结合我国社会主义市场经济建设的实践要求,探讨了信用资本在促进我国经济社会发展中的重要地位、作用和意义,提出了促进我国信用资本发展的政策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Although many research productions have been recognized in the current research on credit, the research objects mainly focus on credit carrier and credit system. Few research put an eye on the main body of credit. From the aspect of main body, the research on credit is credit capitalization, i.e. the issue of credit capital.This thesis chooses the main body, the enterprises and individuals in the economic relations, as the primary research objects. On the basis of analyzing the relations of the main body, credit carrier and credit system, using Marxism Economics and Western Economics, this thesis analyzes the essential meaning, especially deeply analyzes the relations between the human essence and the economic connection using the theories of the essence of human and its developing conformation. Then the thesis points out that the essence of credit is a kind of trust and the relation of society and economy is based on the trust between people. Credit capital is a direct trust on human, breaking through the trust on the credit carrier and credit system. It is a unification of the trust on human and objects. The currency capital mainly reflects the result of the economy operation, embodying the recognition of contents. Yet the credit capital is mainly reflecting the process of economy running, embodying the recognition of human. The practical capital such as the currency capital will have significant value only if combined with the trust on human and contents. When the economy evolvs into credit economy, the credit capital from the trust of human reflects tremendous economic value, and thus become increasingly important force for the healthful development of economy and society.Then the thesis analyzes the shaping mechanism of credit capital, and points out that the development of credit capital must take the marketing of credit information resources as the realistic foundation, take the credit information products and business service as the value system, take the credit law system as the system safeguard, take the credit capital of the main body of the market as the impersonate representation. Reviewing the development of American’s credit capital from the point of 160 years history, the thesis analyzes the factors such as government factors, market factors and enterprise which influence the development of American’s credit capital. It also points out the positive functions of American’s credit capital posed on the development of economy and society in different seedtimes. The purpose is to prove that as an important force for developing the economy and society, the credit capital is macroscopical as well as microcosmic, nonfigurative as well as idiographic, tangible as well as unbodied, historical as well as realistic. By construction of mathematic model for researching credit capital and confirming the computing standard of the indexes, the thesis takes Changsha Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science as research object, take industrial average as reference. It analyzes the quantity of credit capital and excess income aquired by the management, and discusses the recourses of credit capital, summarizes the significant function of credit capital. In the end, combining the practical requirement of our nation’s socialism market economic development, the thesis discusses the important status and meaning in the development of society, and puts forward the policy suggestions for developing our nation’s credit capital.更多还原