【作者】 李琼；

【导师】 贺振华； 黄德济；

【作者基本信息】 成都理工大学 ， 地球探测与信息技术， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 动力学非线性科学是一门新兴学科，它推动许多学科发展。本论文研究是在国家自然科学基金NSFC(编号：40174039、49874030)、中石化“复杂介质地震波传播规律探索及其应用”项目塔河油田岩石物理研究专题(编号：P01058)和国家科技攻关项目(编号：2001年BA605A-05-01)的联合资助下及部门科学研究项目的协助下，针对复杂多变的储层预测问题，将动力学非线性科学中的全新概念、理论和算法引入和应用于储层预测与评价之中，结合油气缝洞储层物理模型实验成果，创建了新型的储层预测理论和方法技术。(1)论文在对动力学非线性系统的混沌特征、分形特征及突变特征等基础理论研究基础上，建立起储层非线性预测与评价的理论依据：储层具有分形、混沌演化和突变等特征，在沉积及其演化过程中完全是一个非线性过程，储层是一个非线性系统。(2)基于非线性理论，创建了储层地震非线性预测与评价方法技术，它是由裂缝预测、地震反演和储层综合预测与评价等三大非线性方法与技术组成：储层裂缝地震非线性预测是由相空间重建、非线性参数提取与预测技术及综合评价方法组成的一种新型裂缝预测方法；储层地震高分辨率非线性反演是将BP算法嵌入自适应遗传算法内部所构成的集遗传算法和神经网络技术优势于一体的新的地震反演方法，它采用嵌入式新的(GA-BP)混合算法及非线性映射技术，自动实现反演，获得高分辨率地震反演剖面；储层地震非线性综合预测与评价是由遗传算法(GA)与自适应神经网络—模糊推理系统有机地相结合而产生的储层预测与评价的新方法，它将优化处理所形成的新地震属性参数空间作为输入，采用将ANFIS网络中的(GA+LSE)混合算法嵌入到GA算法内部与禁忌搜索算法(TS)加在交叉操作处产生新的自适应混合算法，将综合评价参数作为储层品质和含油气性的定量评价指标。(3)采用先进的理论与新的方法技术，研制出具有三大非线性功能的专门软件系统：《储层地震非线性综合预测与评价系统》，所采用的软件编译平台是C++和FORTRAN平台。(4)油气缝洞储层物理模型测试与分析是地球探测、地球物理研究必需的重要基础数据资料，是联系地质、地球物理和油藏工程的纽带与桥梁，可以有效地消除地震解释与反演结果的多解性，是促进地震解释和反演结果由定性到半定量并发展到定量的基础。根据塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层地质特征，形成了从定比观测理论、定向裂缝模型、孔洞模型到多种缝洞模型的研究系列。深入研究了系列物理模型的地震响应特征。分析了多种环境下缝洞特征参数与地震波速度、振幅、主频和衰减等属性参数之间的复杂关系和变化规律，进一步加深了地震波的动力学参数比运动学参数对于储层缝洞的检测更为有效的认识。(5)在四川、新疆和大庆等油气田应用储层地震非线性综合预测与评价方法及软件系统对碳酸盐岩和碎屑岩储层等各类储层进行了大量的储层预测研究，并与物理模型测试与分析相结合，该方法技术与软件系统均能适应各类复杂多变的储层，是一种高分辨率、高有效性、高可靠性和稳定性的技术，获得了好的地质效果和勘探开发效果以及取得了好的社会效益和经济效益。储层预测方法与技术的发展必将是储层预测非线性化、深入储层内部结构分析的微观化及储层预测与评价的定量化等。非线性科学理论的应用与发展开创了有广阔前景的储层预测的新途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 The nonlinear dynamics science is an emerging discipline, it impels manydisciplines development. The research of this dissertation is imbursed in NationalNatural Science Foundation of China (the serial number:40174039, 49874030) andTahe oil field rock physics research topic (the serial number: P01058) of Sinopec"exploration and application of complex medium seismic wave transmitting rule"project and national science and technology tackle key problem project (the serialnumber: BA605A-05-01 in 2001) under union subsidization and under departmentscientific research project assistance, in allusion to the complex changeable reservoirprediction question, the nonlinear dynamics science in brand-new concept, the theoryand the algorithm are introduced and applied during the reservoir prediction and theevaluation, based on the oil-gas fracture-cave reservoir physics model tests andanalyses, having founded the new reservoir prediction theory and the methodtechnology.(1)The thesis founds the reservoir nonlinear prediction and the evaluation theorybased on the basic theory research of dynamics non-linear system including chaoscharacteristic, fractal characteristic and catastrophe characteristic and so on: Thereservoir has fractal characteristics, chaos evolvement characteristic and catastrophecharacteristic, in the deposition and evolutionary process the reservoir is completely anonlinear process, it is a nonlinear system.(2)Based on the nonlinear theory, we found the reservoir seismic nonlinearprediction and evaluation method technology, it is constituted by three nonlinearmethods and the technologys of the fracture prediction, the seismic inversion and thereservoir synthesis prediction evaluation: The seismic nonlinear prediction ofreservoir fracture is one new method which is composed with the phase spacereconstruction, the nonlinear parameters pick-up technology and the syntheticprediction evaluation method. The reservoir seismic high resolution nonlinearinversion is a new seismic inversion way which the BP algorithm is embeded in theauto-adapted genetic algorithms interior to have the predominances of neural networktechnology and genetic algorithms, it adopts the new embedded GA-BP mixalgorithms and the nonlinear mapping technology, and realizes the inversionautomatically, obtains the high resolution seismic inversion profile. The reservoirseismic nonlinear synthesis prediction and evaluation is a new method which iscombined organically of genetic algorithms (GA) and adaptive neural fuzzy inferencesystem(ANFIS), it will optimize the new seismic attribute space which are processed to take the input, uses the new adaptive mix algorithm which GD(gradient descent)and LSE(least-square estimation) mix algorithms of ANFIS network insert to the GAinterior and taboo search algorithms(TS) is added to the intercrossed operation place,the simulation of the evaluation parameters is used quantitative evaluation guide lineto the reservoir quality and oil-gas distribution.(3)Using the advanced theory and the new method technology, we develop tohave three big non-linear function special software systems: "Reservoir SeismicNon-linear Synthesis Prediction and Evaluation System", the software compilingplatform is C++ and the FORTRAN.(4)The tests and analyses of oil-gas fracture-cave reservoir physics model isimportant basis data that earth exploration and geophysics study necessarily, at thesame time it is a ligament and link contacting geology and geophysics, it is able toremove effectively ambiguity of seismic interpretation and inversion results, and it isthe basis that the results of seismic interpretation and inversion arrive at thequantification from qualitative analysis to semiquantitative.According to the geological feature of Ordovician carbonate reservoir in Taheoilfield, we have formed the research series based on the fixed-scale observationtheory, the vertically oriented fracture physical models, the hole physical models tomany kinds of fracture-cave physical models. We thoroughly study seismic responsescharacteristic to the series physical models. We have analyzed the complex relationsand the change rule between the fracture-cave characteristic parameters and seismicresponses such as seismic wave speed, amplitude, attenuation and main frequencyunder many kinds of environments. We further deepen the cognition that seismicdynamic responses (amplitude, main frequency, attenuation etc.) to reservoirfracture-cave detection are more sensitive than kinematic ones (velocity etc.).(5)In oil-gas fields of Sichuan, Xinjiang and Daqing and so on we have studied alot of reservoir prediction research including the carbonate and the clastic reservoiretc. using the reservoir seismic non-linear synthesis prediction and evaluation methodand the software system, and combine it with the physical model testing and theanalysis, the method technology and software system can adapt each kind of complexchangeable reservoirs, it is one kind of high resolution, the high validity, the highreliability and the stable technology. We have obtained the very good geological effectand exploration development effect as well as have acquired the very good social andeconomic efficiency.The reservoir prediction method and technical development will certainly be thereservoir prediction quantification, the thoroughly reservoir internal microcosmicstructure analysis and the reservoir prediction and evaluation quantification and so on.We have used nonlinear scientific theory to found a wide application prospect newway to reservoir prediction.更多还原