汉代文献学及其思想研究

【作者】 陈一梅；

【导师】 黄留珠；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 专门史， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 文献是人类物质文明和精神文明发展的记录；文献学是人们围绕文献展开的科学研究。周秦时期人们在长期的文献活动中，形成了基本的文献观和方法论，文献学因此萌生。文献学在汉代成为专学，它以周秦遗产为资本、从时代土壤汲取养分，在政府的大力支持和学者的倾心研习下得到了长足的发展，并自觉而形成为学术思想理论。汉代文献学以校雠学、经学、辨伪学为主要学术形式，以“辨章学术，考镜源流”、“多闻阙疑，无徵不信”、“崇广道艺，融会和合”为主要理论内容。汉代文献学主张积极入世、追求经世致用，并受时代思潮的影响，显示出与“大一统”、“天人感应”相呼应的思想特征，同时。汉代文献学思想的最大时代缺陷，是对政治的屈从。汉代文献学及其思想确定了中国文献学的基础和发展路向，在学术史上具有深远影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Literary documents are the records of the material and spiritual civilizations of the human society, and the documentation science refers to scientific studies on these documents. Basic documentation concepts and methodology took their origins from the documentation activities throughout the Zhou-Qin period, and gave birth to the documentation science. In the Han Dynasty, the documentation science became a specialty science based on heritages from the Zhou-Qin period and drawing nutrients from the era. It achieved substantial development due to the strong support from the government and hard studies by scholars, and created a self-disciplined academic ideology and related theories. The documentation science in the Han Dynasty took the forms of Jiao Chou (校雠学)、Study of Confucian Classics (经学) and Literature Discrimination (辨伪学), and used various academic approaches such as "categorize documents to trace the sources of different sciences" (辨章学术,考镜源流), "justify by consulting all references and keep unanswered questions for future study" (多闻阙疑,无徵不信) and "promote and consolidate various sciences" (崇广道艺,融会和合). Influenced by the cultural climate of the era, the documentation science in Han Dynasty also features such ideological characteristics as "great unification"(大一统)" and "correspondence between man and universe" (天人感应). In the meanwhile, it encourages people to play active roles in the national affairs and serve the ruling class. The biggest defect of the documentation science in Han Dynasty is its submission to politics. The documentation science in Han Dynasty and its ideology provided the basis and direction for the development of the documentation science in China, and exerted a far reaching influence in the academic history.更多还原