【作者】 刘志武；

【导师】 周立发；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 矿产普查与勘探， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 华北盆地南部石炭-二叠系是我国重要的含煤地层，其天然气勘探开发前景十分广阔。上个世纪70年代文留煤型油气田的发现，标志着华北上古生界油气田勘探进入了一个新阶段。近期，鄂尔多斯盆地、渤海湾盆地的冀中及黄骅坳陷和华北沁水盆地的上古生界都已获得了规模不等的工业油气流，显示华北地区的上古生界是一套极具勘探前景的目的层系。同样，华北盆地南部上古生界中广泛的油气显示，充分说明该区上古生界已发生过油气生成、运移和聚集的全过程，是一套油气勘探有望获得重大突破的重点层系。但是，关于研究区上古生界油气储层地质和油气成藏条件的研究始终是一个薄弱环节，且制约着华北南部上古生界的油气勘探，因此，开展《华北盆地南部上古生界油气储层地质与成藏条件研究》，对于客观评价华北南部上古生界油气勘探前景和进行勘探目标优选具有重要作用。本论文在盆地类比的基础上，针对华北盆地南部多期构造运动所造成的特殊而复杂的地质构造及成烃成藏史，综合应用层序地层学、沉积体系、储层地质学及现代石油地质学等理论，采用高精度岩石地层单元划分与对比技术、层序地层划分与对比技术、沉积微相分析技术、储层综合评价技术及油藏综合描述技术等，系统地开展了华北盆地南部地区上古生界油气储层地质与成藏条件的综合研究。论文在系统地调研和整理大量各种文献资料和前人研究成果的基础上，进行了多次野外地质调查、岩芯观察描述、系统采样及分析测试，做了大量的数据整理和图件编制工作，并对部分地震及测井资料作了重新处理和解释。通过对已有前人资料和本次研究所获得各项分析测试资料的系统研究和总结，取得了一些新的进展和认识如下：1、本论文根据沉积旋回特点对华北盆地南部22口探井的石炭—二叠系地层进行了岩石地层单元的精细划分与对比，编制了地层等厚图和地层对比图，并与勘探程度较高的鄂尔多斯盆地及其邻区开展了地层对比工作。以露头、测井和岩性资料为基础，对华北盆地南部上古生界进行了层序地层的划分与对比工作，建立了盆地范围内的高精度地层对比格架。2、根据华北盆地南部上古生界的沉积特点，按本溪组—太原组、山西组、下石盒子组、上石盒子组和石千峰组5个层组分别开展了沉积相的横向变化对比研究，并以此为基础探讨了华北盆地南部晚古生代的岩相古地理特征及其沉积演化过程。3、以编制砂体等厚图的方式研究了华北盆地南部上古生界主要储集砂体的平面展布规律，并以层序地层格架下的砂体展布研究为基础，从沉积体系控制下的砂体分布特点出发，结合障壁岛与水下分流河道的发育与分布特点，系统深入地开展了区内上古生界有利储集砂体的分布规律研究。同时，对区内砂岩储层的岩石学特征、成岩作用及孔隙演化特征和储集特征方面等进行了综合研究和客观评价，并分析讨论了今后该区上古生界油气储层地质的研究方向。4、根据华北盆地南部上古生界含油气系统中烃源岩、储集岩和盖层的时空结构，进行了上古生界成藏组合和基本成藏单元的划分研究；通过对圈闭形成期与烃源岩生排烃高峰期匹配关系的分析研究，指明了今后该区油气勘探目标的选择方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Carboniferous-Permian in the South of North China Basin is an important coal-bearing series with broad prospect in gas exploratory development in our country. In 1970s ,the discovery of Wenliu coal-formed field marked a new period of Neopaleozoic field exploration in North China. Recently, the discovery of different kinds of commercial hydrocarbon flow in Neopaleozoic of Ordos Basin, Jizhong and Huanghua depression in Bohai Bay Basin, and Qinshui Basin has indicated that Neopaleozoic is a subject reservoir with broad prospect in North China. Also, the extensive hydrocarbon shows in Neopaleozoic of south of North China Basin full indicated that hydrocarbon generation, migration and accumulation in Neopaleozoic have occurred in this area and Neopaleozoic is an important reservoir that is hopeful to make a great breakthrough in hydrocarbon exploration . But the research on Neopaleozoic petroleum reservoir geology and pool-forming conditions in this area is a weak point all the times, as restricts Neopaleozoic exploration activity in south of North China. Therefore, the research on Neopaleozoic petroleum reservoir geology and pool-forming conditions in south of North China Basin is very important for objectively evaluating exploration prospect and optimizing exploration targets in Neopaleozoic of south of North China.Based on basin analysis, aimed at the particular and complex geological structure, hydrocarbon generation and pool formation history due to multiphase tectonic activity in south of North China Basin, applying the theories of sequence stratigraphy, depositional system, reservoir geology and modern petroleum geology, Neopaleozoic petroleum reservoir geology and pool-forming conditions in south of North China Basin were researched comprehensively, adopting some technical methods such as high-precision rock-stratigraphic unit division and correlation, sequence stratigraphic division and correlation, sedimentary microfacies analysis, reservoir comprehensive evaluation and description.On the basis of surveying and gathering documents and previous jobs, a lot of work was done on field geologic research, core observation and description, sampling and analysis, then data procession and compilation. Finally, partial seismic and log date were rehandled and interpreted. After the systematic study and summarization on previous jobs and analysis in our research, the new progress and knowledge have got as follows:1. According to the features of sedimentary cycle , subtly rock-stratigraphic unit division and correlation were made on Carboniferous-Permian in twenty-two exploration wells in south of North China Basin, and the stratoisohypse figures and geologic correlation figures were drawn up. Moreover, a geologic correlation was made with Ordos Basin and its neighborhood where high degree of exploration has been worked. Based on the date of outcrop, log and lithology, sequence stratigraphic division and correlation were made on Neopaleozoic in south of North China Basin, and high-precision geologic correlation framework was built up in the basin.2. In the term of sedimentary features of Neopaleozoic in south of North China Basin, lateral variation of sedimentary facies was studied selectively in Benxi-Taiyuan Formation, Shanxi Formation, Lower Shihezi Formation, Upper Shihezi Formation and Shiqianfeng Formation. Lithofacies paleographic features and the sedimentary evolutionary process of Late Paleozoic in south of North China Basin were worked also.3. On the basis of sand-bodies Isopach figure drawing, the distribution of major reservoir sand-bodies of Neopaleozoic in south of North China Basin was studied. Basing on the distribution of sand-bodies in sequence stratigraphic framework, combining the development and distribution features of barrier and underwater distributary channel, there is a disquisition on the distribution regularity of pay reservoir sand-bodies of Neopaleozoic in this area. Also, Petrologic features, diagenesis and pore evolution features, and reservoir feature were worked and evaluated. The study direction of Neopaleozoic reservoir geology in this area was pointed out too.4. Based on the time-space structure of source rock, reservoir rock and cap rock in petroleum system of Neopaleozoic in south of North China Basin, play and pool-forming unit of Neopaleozoic was divided. The matching relation between trap formation period and peak period of source rock hydrocarbon generation and expulsion was analyzed, which pointed out the future direction of hydrocarbon targets exploration in this area.更多还原