【作者】 陈卫星；

【导师】 王齐洲；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 胡应麟是明代的大学问家，无意科举，却在文献学、文学、史学等方面的学术研究中作出了重要贡献。他是古代中国文言小说理论研究领域最杰出的学者之一。因受西方小说观念的影响，胡应麟的小说研究成就未被充分注意。本文力图从历史实际出发，结合中国小说理论发展史和明代学术风尚，对胡应麟的小说思想进行深入剖析，全面观照胡应麟小说思想，并作出客观评价。胡应麟的小说研究包括辨伪、考证，以及基于文献考察的理论上的归纳和总结。从学术方法上来说，主要采用了文献学(其中包括目录学、辨伪学、考据学等)的方法。这种扎扎实实的学术研究，在学风普遍空疏，人们放言高论的明代中后期，显得尤为可贵。胡应麟全面继承了前代小说观念，对前代小说思想进行了总结和阐述；同时，也对前代小说思想进行了创新与超越。胡应麟所持小说观仍为传统的“子部小说”观，在“九流”中论小说，这是对传统的继承，但是，他也看到了小说在创作形式、数量、作者、题材、传播等方面的新变，对这些新的现象都进行了分析和论述。根据小说发展的实际。胡应麟重新“更定九流”，将排除在九流之外的小说列于第七位，为小说正名，显然提高了小说的地位。不仅如此，胡应麟还看到了小说虚构的合理性，对小说虚实问题进行了深入探讨，确立小说虚构的原则。此外，胡应麟对小说的功用有着独到的认识。胡应麟的小说分类尝试无疑是成功的。这种小说分类，既尊重了小说发展的历史，又考虑到小说发展的实际，这种尝试有着积极的意义。胡应麟成功的分类尝试，对庞杂的小说面貌进行了整饬，使之内涵明晰，外延也较为清楚；另一方面，使文言小说的分类成为可能，为后人小说分类实践提供了可贵的借鉴。胡应麟秉持“一代有一代小说”的小说史观，构建了中国小说发展史，此亦是开创之举。其所持的小说史观和所构建的小说史，对后世关于小说史的讨论和小说史的构建有着深远的内在影响。《中国小说史略》于其借鉴颇多。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hu Yinglin is a knowledgeable man in Ming Dynasty. He made significant contributions to classical philology, literature and history, but he had no intention of attending the imperial examinations. He is one of the most prominent scholars in the domain of research on Chinese classical fiction theory. As a result of the effect of the western fiction theory, Hu Yinglin’s accomplishment on fiction research hasn’t acquired enough attention.With a lot of data about Chinese history practice, Chinese fiction theory development history, and prevailing custom of learning in Ming Dynasty, the paper strives to dissect thoroughly, observe roundly and evaluate objectively Hu Yinglin’s fiction idea.Hu Yinglin’s research consists of differentiating fake, textual research) theory induction, and summing-up based on the literature investigation. The systematic learning means is the way of philology (it consist of the bibliography, Differentiate fake, textual research, etc.) Hu Yinglin’s sturdily systematic learning is so worshipful in later Ming Dynasty when the academic discipline is universally lacking in substance and people place gassy words.Hu Yinglin succeeded fiction viewpoint of preceding generation completely, summing up and elaborating preceding generation of fiction idea. At the same time, he carried on the innovation to the fiction idea of preceding generation. Hu Yinglin hold the view of "Zibu Xiaoshuo " talking about fiction in "Nine Grades ", which is the inheritance of tradition, however, he also noticed the changes of the fiction form, publishing amount, writer, subject matter, spread, and so on. He Wholly analyzed and expounded these new phenomena. On the basis of fiction development practice, Hu Yinglin "Revised Nine Grades " and set the fiction on 7th of "Nine Grades "that had been outside of the nine grades before. Accordingly, the reputation of the fiction is rehabilitated, and the position of fiction is apparently lifted. Hu Yinglin still catch sight of and discuss rationality of romance, establish the rule of writing romance. Moreover, Hu Yinglin deeply understands the function of fiction.Hu Yinglin’s attempt to classify fiction is undoubtedly successful. This kind of fiction classification takes into consideration the development history and development practice of fiction. This kind of attempt possesses the positive significance. For one thing, it tidies up the innumerable and disordered fiction features, and thus the connotation as well as the denotation of the fiction becomes clear; for another, the successful classification attempt makes it possible to classify fiction in classical Chinese and provides the praiseworthy reference for descendants. It is initiatory that Hu Yinglin constructs Chinese fiction development history with the history viewpoint of "Each generation possesses its own fiction". His history viewpoint and fiction history research, have a far-reaching intrinsic effect to the later discussion and construction of fiction history. The Brief History of Chinese Fiction is one of those that use Hu Yinglin’s theory for reference.更多还原