明代公文变革论

【作者】 陈龙；

【导师】 丁晓昌；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 文艺学， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 明代公文经历了一次系统、全面、深刻的变革过程，既有继承发展，又有变革创新，在公文发展史中占有重要地位。论文在占有大量明代公文资料的基础上，从历史观和系统观的角度出发，陈述明代公文变革的历史过程，总结其特点及内在规律。公文与社会政治、经济、思想文化等诸方面有着密切的关系，论题结合明代特定的时代背景，从微观和宏观两个方面入手，全面、深入地探讨明代公文变革。微观方面，从公文的文本切入，分析明人对公文内容和形式方面所采取的措施。一方面，明人积极倡导“务实”的公文创作观念，严责阿谀之风；整顿风闻言事和空谈妄言的疏滥之风，同时，还从科举教育方面促进公文内容创作的变革。另一方面，采取禁四六体、革繁文和整顿制诰公文等举措，革新公文的繁文弊端。同时，通过贴黄制度和规范文字等措施促进公文形式方面的变革。宏观方面，从公文的运转办理入手，分析明代在公文立法、办理机构和处理制度、公文的稽核和保密制度、公文编纂等方面的变革。公文文本撰拟固然重要，但公文的根本属性是实用性，公文的价值是在公文的运转办理过程中实现的。因此，研究公文运转办理的外部因素，是考察公文变革的重要内容。公文理论是对公文规律性的总结，考察明代公文理论的研究状况，总结明人在公文研究方面所取得的创新成果，对系统地研究公文理论有着重要的意义。公文文风是公文变革的直接体现，明代公文文风在一系列的变革影响下，呈现出独特的风貌，论文对此进行全面的梳理。最后，研究明代公文变革有着重要的价值和意义，一是为从事公文断代发展史的研究作有益的补充；二是为我们今天公文发展和理论研究提供借鉴的价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The official document in Ming Dynasty had been undergone a systematic, a comprehensive and a profound transformation process. Both of the inheritance and innovation make the official document in Ming Dynasty occupy an important status in the official document’s history. By holding the massive Ming Dynasty official document material, using outlook of history and system view angle to analyze Ming Dynasty official document in official document transformation history, to summarize its transformation inherent laws, is this thesis’s purpose.The official documents have the close relationship with the politics, economy, and thought culture and so on . Under the Ming Dynasty society’s specific background, from the microscopic and macroscopic aspects, the thesis discusses the transformation about the Ming Dynasty official document comprehensively and thoroughly.From microscopic aspect, the thesis takes the official document text as the foundation, analyzes the transformation measure about the official document content and the form which made by the people in Ming Dynasty. On the one hand, the Ming Dynasty initiates positively "practically" official document creation idea, wind of strict responsibility flattery. They also reorganize the bad style such as hearing by rumor and the meaningless talk. At the same time, they use education and examination to promote the official document content creation transformation. On the other hand, uses endures four actions and so on six categories of characters, leather red tape and reorganization system official document, the innovation official document red tape malpractice. At the same time, through pastes on a yellow slip and standard writing form to promote the form of the official document.From the macroscopic aspect, the paper handles obtaining from the official document revolution, analyzes the transformations such as the Ming Dynasty in the official document legislation, the organization and the processing system, the official document investigation and the secrecy system, the compiles and so on. How to write the official document text is important, but the official document basic attribute is the usability. The official document value is through the process of the official document revolution to reality. Therefore, the research official document revolution handles exterior factor, inspects the important content which the official document transform.The official document theory is the summary of the official document regular. Make clear of the research condition about the Ming Dynasty official document theory, summarizing the innovation achievement on the official document research by people in Ming Dynasty, both of these are do good to we to study the official document theory systematically . The style of the official document manifests the change about the official document directly. Under a series of transformation influence, the official document of Ming Dynasty manifests unique style. The thesis does the full-scale research on this aspect.Finally, it is important to study the transformation of the official document in Ming Dynasty. And the thesis has two aspects signification: one is making the beneficial supplement for the research of the official document dynastic history; the other is providing the model for the official document for today development.更多还原