【作者】 赵延江；

【导师】 夏斌； 肖焕钦；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院研究生院（广州地球化学研究所） ， 构造地质学， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 东营凹陷为典型的断-坳双层结构的陆相湖盆，古近纪的裂陷沉积阶段经历了早期初始裂陷、晚期初始裂陷、裂陷伸展、裂陷收敛等演化阶段，每个演化阶段的构造运动强度、气候变化、沉积物供给等因素存在差异，导致了不同演化阶段盆地结构特征也存在差异，储层成因类型和分布特征也存在差异，其控制的沉积盆地不同演化阶段的沉积地层中油气富集程度、成藏模式等也存在差异。本文综合运用构造地质学、实验模拟分析、沉积学等理论和方法，探讨了东营凹陷古近纪沉积盆地的结构特征及其演化，结合不同沉积体系的相标志分析，恢复古近系沉积演化中不同结构类型的沉积盆地的沉积体系成因类型和分布。通过构造物理模拟，分别探讨了板式断层控制的旋转半地堑、铲式断层控制的滚动半地堑和坡坪式断层控制的复合半地堑的形成过程，控盆断层的形态与盆地结构类型关系密切。东营古近系盆地的控盆边界断层形态演化存在三个阶段，总体上，古近系早期(基本上对应于孔店组沉积时期)控盆断层以板式断层为特征，古近系中期(沙四段到沙三段早期沉积时期)控盆断层以铲式断层为特征，古近系晚期(沙二段到东营组沉积时期)控盆断层以坡坪式断层为特征。东营凹陷控盆断层的活动存在左旋特征。孔店组沉积时期最大主应力为北东向，沙四段为南北向，沙三—沙一段主要为北西向，东营组又演变为南北向。东营凹陷北西向断层形成明显早于北东(东)各断层，北西向断层正断层发育阶段的高峰期出现于Es3，且强度大，可达80m／Ma以上，石村断层和陈南断层(东段)停止活动时间分别为Ng和Nm。北东(东)向断层除了陈南断层(西段)外，开始活动的时期基本上为Ek初期，Ng期开始衰弱、消亡。东营凹陷古近纪盆地的沉降中心基本表现为逆时针方向的迁移，孔店组沉积时期，盆地结构为受北西向断层控制的北西向延伸的断陷盆地，沙四段沉积时期，表现为受近东西向或近北东东向断层控制的东西向延伸的沉积盆地，沙三段至东营组沉积时期，表现为受北东向断层控制的北西向延伸的沉积盆地。东营凹陷古近系沉积时期主要发育了洪积扇、扇三角洲、三角洲、滩坝、近岸水下扇、湖底扇、滑塌浊积扇、干盐湖等沉积相。旋转半地堑的盆地结构发育于孔店组沉积时期，以浅水盐湖沉积为特征，滚动半地堑发育于沙四段—沙二下沉积时期，以深水广盆、大型三角洲沉积为特征，复式半地堑发育于沙二上—东营组沉积时期，以广盆广水为特征。更多还原

【Abstract】 Dongying depression is a typical fault-sag bilayers structure terrestrial lacustrine basin. The palaeogene rift depositional stage has undergone several evolution stages including early initial rift stage, late initial rift stage, rift extension stage, and rift converge stage etc.. The tectonic movement intensity, climate change, and sediments supply etc. elements of every evolution stage are different. These differences cause the discrepancies of basin structure, reservoir genesis types and distribution characteristic. So the oil-gas enrichment degree and pool forming model of sedimentary formation of different evolution stage are different. The thesis discusses the sedimentary basin structure characteristics and evolution of palaeogene in Dongying depression, comprehensive using the theory and method of tectonic geology, experiment simulate analysis and sedimentology. Combining the analysis of facies marks in different sedimentary systems, the sedimentary systems genesis types and distribution of different structure types sedimentary basins in palaeogene depositional evolution is recovered.The formation processes of the rotation half-graben controlled by plate fault, the rolling half-graben controlled by listric fault and the compound half-graben controlled by slope-flat fault are discussed separately based on geological structure physical simulation. The basin structure type has closed relationship with the shape of basin-controlling faults. The shape evolution of basin-controlling boundary faults in Dongying depression palaeogene basin exist three stages. Generally, basin-controlling fault of early palaeogene （sedimentary period of the Kongdian Formation （Ek）） is plate fault. Basin-controlling boundary fault of middle palaeogene （sedimentary period of the Fourth Submember （Es₄） to the Early Third Submember （Es₃） of Shahejie Formation） is listric fault. Bain-controlling boundary fault of late palaeogene （sedimentary period of the Second Submember of Shahejie Formation（Es₂） to Dongying Formation （Ed）） is slope-flate fault.The basin-controlling fault activity of Dongying Depression presents left-lateral character. The maximum principal stress of sedimentary period of Ek is N-E, which of sedimentary period of Es₄ is N-S, which of sedimentary period of Es₃ to First submember of Shahejie Formation（Es₁） is mainly N-W, and which of sedimentary period of Ed is N-S. The forming time of N-W fault is obviously earlier than N-E fault in Dongying Depression. The development stage peak time of N-W normal faults is Es₃. The intensity is big, above 80m/Ma. The stop time of activities of Shicun Fault and Chennan Fault （east section） are separately Ng and Nm. The beginning time of activity of N-E （N-EE） faults except Chennan Fault （west section） is generally early period of Ek, and the decline time of which is the sedimentary of Ng （Guangtao Formation）.The palaeogene basin subsidence center of Dongying Depression basically behaves as the characteristic of anticlockwise migration. The sedimentary period of Ek, the basin structure is N-W direction fault basin controlled by N-W fault. The sedimentary period of Es₄, it is E-W direction sedimentary basin controlled by closed E-W fault or closed N-EE fault. The sedimentary period of Es₃ to Ed, it is N-E direction sedimentary basin controlled by N-E fault.Dongying depression of palaeogene sedimentary stage develops the sedimentary facies including alluvial fan, fan delta, delta, beach and bar, nearshore subaqueous fan, sub-lacustrine fan, slump turbidite fan, and playa etc.. The rotation half-graben basin structure develop in sedimentary period of Ek, which display characteristic of shallow water salt lake depsition. The rolling half-graben basin structure develop in sedimentary period of Es₄ to Es₂x, which display characteristic of deep water extensive basin and large-scale delta. The compound half-graben basin structure develop in sedimentary period of Es₂s to Ed, which display characteristic of extensive water and basin.更多还原