【作者】 付志方；

【导师】 汤达祯；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 矿产普查与勘探， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 地震资料在横向上具有钻井资料无可比拟的连续性,且包含有十分丰富的储层物性信息,因此地震储层预测技术是油气勘探开发中的重要研究方向。目前,应用地震信息进行岩性、油气藏的预测仍处于探索及技术的积累阶段,多数技术尚处于理论模型的研究探索阶段,在生产实践中缺乏普遍性和针对性。论文本着科研服务于生产的宗旨,在对地震预测技术的国内外发展现状了充分调研的基础上,以西湖凹陷特定的石油地震地质条件为例,针对储层预测和油气检测研究内容,以技术创新、方法可行和效果优先为原则,与实际相结合,系统地论述和分析了储层特征重构技术、地震频谱分解技术、地震频率衰减技术及信息融合技术的方法原理、应用条件和技术关键等内容。储层特征重构技术依据对储层敏感的非声波的地球物理测井信息构建具有声波量纲的新曲线,进而形成拟声波曲线。由于该拟声波曲线既能反映地层速度和波阻抗的变化,又能反映地层岩性的细微差别,可以较好地解决砂泥岩薄互层储层定量预测中的岩性识别、薄层分辨等难题。频谱分解技术以等厚韵律层反射在频率域出现陷频现象为理论基础。来自薄层的这种调谐反射具有独特的频率域响应,在频率域具有指示时间地层厚度的特征性表现,陷频周期决定时间地层厚度,陷频周期越小,指示的厚度就越小。该技术可以突破以往常规方法分辨地层厚度为1/4波长的限制。频率衰减属性分析的主要目的是通过属性标定将定量的地震衰减属性转化为储层特征。理论研究表明,与致密的单相地质体相比,当地质体中含流体如油、气或水时,会引起地震波频率的吸收衰减,当储层中孔隙比较发育而且富含油气时,穿过地层的地震子波的中高频能量衰减要比低频能量衰减大。通过上述技术在孔雀亭地区的应用研究,论证了该区下一步的有利勘探目标,同时总结了一套较为先进实用的针对砂泥岩薄互层的地震储层预测技术系列。更多还原

【Abstract】 Seismic data is not only much more consecutive laterally than well data, but also contain a lot of reservoir information. So seismic reservoir prediction play a leading role in lines of petroleum exploration and development. At present, the application of the reservoir prediction based on seismic data still remain a level of studying, it lack pertinence in specific area and universality in petroleum fields.This dissertation insist that studying serves production. Firstly, the present and future of seismic reservoir prediction are demonstrated. Secondly, Xihu sag taken as a studying case, the new techniches such as reservoir property reconstruction,seismic spectral decomposition and seismic frequency attenuation are argued and applied.The reservoir property reconstruction is that a new acoustic log is made up from non-acoustic logs which are sensitive to reservoir. The new log not only indicate difference of stratum velocity ,but also distinguish difference of tratum lithology clearly. So high resolution seismic inversion can be fulfiled.Seismic spectral decomposition is based on the method that notches occur in frequency domain of seismic reflection of thin interbeds. Notches of frequency domain can be used to figure out thickness of beds. The more short a circle of notches is ,the more thin thickness of bed is.seismic attenuation analysis is that attenuation attribute can be used to predict reservoir by calibrating with well data. Theoretically, seismic attenuation take place when seismic wave pass through underground reservoir which contain gas or oil, power attenuation in frequency domain is larger in highter frequency field than in lower frequency field in this case.Based on application of above technices, the interest targets for drilling oil are argued and point out, meanwhile ,a set of seismic predicting technices dealing with thin reservoir is summarized.更多还原