【作者】 马士忠；

【导师】 李东旭； 王永诗；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 构造地质学， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 针对研究区基地构造格局认识不清，地质层位、区域沉积体系认识存在争议，洼陷浊积岩分布情况、中央隆起带及南部斜坡带成藏机理有待深化认识等问题，论文以构造地质学、沉积学、石油地质学等理论为指导，综合利用地质、地球物理和测试分析等资料，开展惠民凹陷古近纪构造与沉积演化特征研究，结合石油地质成果分析油气成藏模式及控制因素，为有效提高研究区勘探成效提供科学依据。 利用全凹陷连片三维、二维地震资料建立了基干地震剖面网，统一解释了区域标准层，重构了惠民凹陷构造格架与构造演化过程：中生代左旋压扭应力场形成的NNW向“四沟四梁”的构造格局奠定了新生代沉积盆地演化基础，中生代NNE向的陵县-阳信断层、夏口断层和齐河断层在新生代右旋拉张作用下持续活动，形成了惠民凹陷第三系北断南超的沉积盆地雏形；凹陷新生代渐新世强烈断陷期分两个亚期，形成了孔店组、沙四段北厚南薄和沙二段-东营组南厚北薄的双层结构。盘河、商河、沙河街背斜是在古剥蚀面基底残丘山的背景上，基底边隆起、边沉积、边压实的情况下形成的从孔店组到东营组持续发育的顶薄翼厚的披覆背斜构造，是孔店组和沙三段有利的油气聚集单元；二级帚状断裂系控制了临南洼陷沙三时期盆地构造演化、沉积和成藏，三级调节断裂形成的构造坡折带的分布控制了沙三段滑塌浊积砂的发育。 利用地震、钻井、测井等资料，将古近系沙河街组划分出7个三级层序，通过剖面沉积学分析，以优势相原则绘制不同时期各亚段沉积体系平面分布图：沙四下总体以洪水-漫湖沉积为特征，沙四上沉积时期是在滨浅湖背景之上发育了曲流河三角洲和辫状河三角洲沉积；沙三段沉积时期南部主要发育辫状河、曲流河三角洲，西北部地区发育曲流河三角洲，中部地区主要为深湖—半深湖沉积；由沙三下至沙三上，西北部三角洲规模逐渐增大，沉积范围逐渐向东、东南方向推进；沙二段沉积时期为滨浅湖沉积，在背景之上广泛发育了辫状河三角洲和三角洲沉积；沙一段以滨浅湖滩坝沉积为特征，南部发育了曲流河三角洲和辫状河三角洲沉积；沉积地层中的岩性圈闭以滑塌浊积岩岩性圈闭和地层侧向尖灭型岩性圈闭为主，其形成和分布主要受盆地结构、沉积古地貌和构造活动强度等因素控制，北部基山、南部江家店和瓦屋具有发育滑塌浊积扇的良好地质条件。 充分考虑构造、沉积、输导体系和成藏动力等因素，分析认为：夏口断裂带油气藏聚集属于油气再运聚成藏模式，连通砂体与断层的配置是影响油气运移的主要因素；中央隆起带油气藏聚集属于油气事件成藏模式，划分为断裂活动事件成藏模式、火山活动事件成藏模式和重力流事件油气成藏模式三类，断层活动的旋回性和幕式性是诱发事件成藏的关键因素。 通过地震综合定量描述预测一批浊积砂体，储量规模在3000×10~4t以上，提出优选营子街-江店地区个体较大的砂体进行钻探。更多还原

【Abstract】 To the question of unclear base structure framework, the disputed geological horizon and the region deposition system, and under cognition of the distribution of flysch, hydrocarbon reservoir-forming mode of the central uplift belt and south ramp region in the sag, this thesis expatiates the Peleogene structure and the deposition evolution characteristics of the Hhuiming sag, based on the theory of structural geology, sedimentology, petroleum geology, synthetically using the data of geology, geophysics and test analysis, and analyses hydrocarbon reservoir formation mode and it’s control factor, connect with the petroleum geology achievement. It gives a scientific reference to enhance the exploration effective in the research area.In this thesis key beds were united, and Huimin sag tectonic framework and structure evolutionary evolvement were restructured using the major seismic cross-section grid from three-dimensional, two-dimensional seismic data available . The structure framework of NNW "four valleys four ridges" gave the evolutive foundation of the Cenozoic basin, which formed by CCW rotation stress field in Mesozoic. The embryo shape of " rifting north and overlapping south " of Teriary huiming sag were formed under the action of right hand rotation tensional stress and persistent movement in Cenozoic of the NNE Ling Xian -Yangsin fault, Xiakou fault, and Qihe fault of Mesozoic. Huiming sag main downfaulted period can be divided into two sub-periods in Oligocene,Cenozoic. it formed two-layer structure that the north Ek, Es4 are hicker than thant in the south and the south Es2, Ed are thicker than that in the north . The Pan rive-Shang river-Shahejie anticline was formed on the background of basement residual hill, at that time the basement was taking sediments and compaction while uplifting , and then it became a top-thin and wings-thick buried hill drape-anticline structure in Es2-Ed.It is the favourable hydrocarbon accumulation unit of Ed and Es3. The structure evolution, deposition and Hydrocarbon accumulation were controlled by second order brush rift system, the structure slope belt formed by the third order regulative fracture belts which controled the development of fluxoturbidite in Es3.The Es formation was divided into seven third order sequences based on the seismic, drilling and logging data, and plans deposition system plane distribution maps of different time were plotted by dominance phase principle. The lower Es4 is flood-overlake facies mainly; the upper Es4 is meandering stream and braided river delta deposition above the shore shallow lake background; in the Es3 period, the south mainly developed braided river, meandering stream delta, the northeast area main developed meandering stream delta, the middle area mainly developed semi-deep lakean d deep lake sediments. From lower Es3 to upper Es3, the delta scale gradually increased and the depositional area gradually moved to the east and the southeast; the Es2 period was dominated by shore-shallow lake sediments and widely developed braided river delta and delta deposits; the Es1 period was dominated by shore-shallow lake shoal deposits, and in the south developed meandering stream and braided river delta deposits.The lothological traps of the Shahejie group are mainly fluxoturbidite and stratum lateral pinch-out, and its formation and the distribution of the lothological trap were controlled mainly by the basin structure characteristic, palaeogeomorphology and tectonic activity and so on. It had a beneficial geological condition to develope sublacustrine slump turbidite fans in Jishan, Jiangjiadian and Wawu.Fully considering the factors of structure, deposition, transforming system and Reservoir Forming Dynamics and so on, the paper thought that the reservoirs in Xiakou fracture zone belong to hydrocarbon remigration and secondary accumulation mode, the configuration relationship between the sands and faults is the main factor that affects hydrocarbon migration; reservoir gathers in the central upheaval zone belong to event hydrocarbon migration and accumulation mode, it can be divided into three styles, they are the fracture activity event mode, the volcanic activity event mode, he gravity flows event mode. The key factors of resulting in event reservoir are fault cyclicity and episodic characteristic.Reserves of 3000×104t was forecasted in this by seismic synthesis describing and forecasting a great deal of turbidite sands bodies. And the Yingzijie-Jiangdian area bigger sand body was proposed as drilling target.更多还原