【作者】 宾慧中；

【导师】 路秉杰； 杨鸿勋；

【作者基本信息】 同济大学 ， 建筑历史与理论， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 中国白族绝大部份分布在云南大理白族自治州；而少数散居在云南各地以及贵州、湖南、四川等省份的白族，则基本是在元、明以后从大理地区移居当地的。以“三坊一照壁”、“四合五天井”为代表的传统白族合院民居，作为大理白族聚居区分布最广的住居形式，具有悠久的历史和特殊的价值，至今仍然被广泛建造和使用。白族传统合院民居的营建技艺是本论文的主要研究对象。论文采用参与白族合院民居营造全过程的实证方法展开研究，从而对木构架抗震结构构造、程式化制作装配过程、榫卯加工制作方法、营建中的整体设计理念、以及如何通过在木料上画墨线将整体设计理念付诸实践等等营建技术核心有了全面的了解和深入的掌握。在此基础上，动态地、连贯地记录了一坊白族合院民居的营造过程，以及伴随营造过程的相关仪式，可见其中蕴含的丰富地域文化内涵及民族特色。通过参与施工实践，从营建过程中获得白族匠师口头传承的非物质的营建经验和技巧，是对白族合院民居营建技艺这种文化遗产所进行的颇具成效的保护和研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 There are over 1.6 million people of the Bai nationality in China. Most of them live in the Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan province, while others are distributed in the Guizou, Hunan and Sichuan provinces, as well as other parts of Yunnan, where they are said to have immigrated from Dali to other places during the Yuan and Ming Dynasties. The typical style of Bai People’s homes is the "San fang yi zhao bi" or "Si he wu tian jin" complexes. These structures, which consist of a number of rooms enclosing a central courtyard, have a long history and high architecture value, and are the most popular dwellings in the Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture. The Bai people have lived in such houses for hundreds of years, and continue to build them to this day.The main focus of this thesis is the techniques and art of the Bai People’s traditional courtyard house. Its method is to conduct a survey of the complete building process of these structures, and through this, explore every aspect of their construction. Amongst the areas to be examined are the building techniques of the Bai courtyard house, their earthquake resistant wood structure, and their method of assembly from prefabricated parts. By investigating the construction of the Bai people’s traditional dwellings and the rituals accompanying their building process, we can discover the rich regional architecture, culture and character of the Bai nationality.Through participating in the whole construction process and acquiring the oral tradition of architectural expertise and technique from local Bai artisans, we may better research and protect the architectural and cultural heritage of the Bai People’s traditional courtyard house.更多还原