【作者】 范军勇；

【导师】 陈秉钊；

【作者基本信息】 同济大学 ， 城市规划， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 基于内生增长理论、新经济社会学嵌入性、社会资本与社会网络思想与全球价值链理论，并通过“空间存在经济梯度”、“创新租金具排他性”、“经济人追求利益最大化时受到所处社会定位”以及“人与空间互动”四个理论假设，研究在对硅谷成为技术极区的发展历程进行历史演绎之后，分析了技术极区在全球城市体系形成中的作用，通过构建对偶城市的结构模型并进行拓展，揭示了技术极区产生的技术外溢是全球城市体系形成的原动力。同时，虽然城市积聚本身有助于创新与技术外溢，但技术极区与全球城在理论上并不必然重合，因为技术极区更依赖于创新源的空间积聚与R&D行业报酬实现微观机制的建立。 随后论文通过对技术性外部经济的解析，建构了技术极区的演化机制模型，模型的内在逻辑为：在创新梯度较高的空间里，由于R&D厂商对于垄断租金的追求会产生新的创新与分工；区内经济人在利益最大化追求时受到了所处社会的定位从而去从事新的分工并不断创新；为了能够不断实现垄断租金，新的厂商与专业代理出现；这又会产生更多的创新中间产品，如果报酬递增能够持续，空间集聚就会初步实现并吸引更多的R&D厂商与创新源集聚。初步集聚之后由于前向(创新氛围的产生)与后向(R&D厂商对于中间产品与服务的偏好)的联系，技术极区就会产生自我增强机制，集聚会进一步强化；同时由于R&D活动报酬排他性与顶端集聚性，技术极区“一旦建立就难以复制”、并在空间数量上少与全球城的数量。随后论文通过对中国高新区近二十年实践的实证分析对模型加以验证，最后论文通过在上海市杨浦区构建技术极区的实践对微观机制演化模型加以应用(这也可以视为一种对模型的实践检验或应用探讨)。 对偶城市模型解释了处于全球价值链下“跨国城市体系”与“世界城市体系”形成的内在机制。而拓展出的“非稳态对偶城市模型”，分析了发展中国家由于技术极区的缺失面临着区域层级结构重组的状态，这能较好的解释由于中心城市技术外溢效应的降低，发展中国家区域中心城市与次级城市面临的“竞争”状态与区域空间结构的“重组”。拓展后的模型对于解释区域竞争的本质与产业相对的空间集聚是较有说服力的。研究在第三章第二节中通过长三角区域结构变迁的经验分析对非稳态的“对偶城市”模型加以验证。 技术极区微观机制演化模型不仅为分析中国名目繁多、开发现状各异的各级开发区提供了一个理论前提，也为R&D厂商空间集聚怎样发生、集聚发生所需要的初始条件等问题做出了解答。由此揭示了作为权威代理的“地方”与“国家”在产业结构变迁的过程中怎样通过技术发展获得在价值链上跃迁的机会。因此通过模型的建构与产业空间理论分析工具的整合，研究对于国家科技政策与地方产业发展策略都能提供若干的空间启示。同时，由于模型来自于对R&D厂商空间集聚一般性原理的分析，因此具有普遍性，这既可以提供对创新性产业发展、产业空间集聚与城市内生增长等诸多问题进行深入分析前的理论基础，也能够成为不同梯度的“地方”进行“空间行动”的理论前提。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the Endogenous Growth Theory , the theory of embeddedness, social networks, social capital in new economic sociology and global value chains, the thesis analyzes the effects of technopoles in the emergence of globe hierarchy of cities after the deduction of silicon valley becoming the technopole via the four hypothesis, which are space has a comparatively economic gradient, the return brought by innovation is exclusively, economic man are situated by the community around him when he pursues his own maximization of interest, and economic man and space have an interrelationship. By setting up a twin city frame model, the thesis revealed that the knowledge spillover by technopoles is the original power in the emergence of globe city system. Although agglomeration in city is helpful to knowledge spillover, technopole and globe city don’t overlap each other in theory. Technopoles rely on the agglomeration of innovative resources and the foundation of input-output mechanism in R&D industry.The thesis set up an evaluative micromechanism model though resolving technical external economy. The logic deduction of the model is: in a space which has a comparative innovative gradient, there comes forth innovation and new division of labor because R&D firms pursue monopoly rents; economic man in the region undertakes the new opportunities of the new division of labor and keep on innovating because he is situated when he pursues his own maximization of interest; for the continuous monopoly rents, new R&D firms and specialized agents arise, that will bring more innovation intermediate goods; if increasing returns can sustain, agglomeration of R&D firms in space can be realized and more R&D firms will be absorbed. After primary agglomeration, technopole will be self-enforcing because of forward and backward linkage. Meanwhile, because the return of R&D activities is exclusive and over-crowded in top, erected technopole is difficult to be copied, and the number of technopole is less than globe city. So the thesis validated the model in the case that is demonstration on the technopoles in China. At last, the thesis put the model into Shanghai Yangpu District’s practice, who wants building technopole.Twin city frame model can explain well the internal mechanism of Tran frontier city system and global hierarchy of cities. Expanded model can explain well the competitions in different gradient city in developing countries and space reorganization in same region. The expended model has some persuasion in explaining the essence of industry competitions and industry agglomeration in region. There is experiential analyses on the interrelationship of Shanghai’s knowledge spillover and frame reorganization in Chang Delta Region in the second section of the third chapter.The evaluative micromechanism model of technopole not only lays a academic foundation for analyzing different names, levels industry parks in China, but also answers the questions such as how R&D firms agglomerate in space, what kinds of conditions are needed when agglomeration happens. So the thesis reveals how the local or country authoritative agents get the chances to upgrade their station in global value chain though developing their technology. So the thesis canprovide some clews to the country STP and local industry development policy by the conception of the model and the internalization of theoretic tools on industry spatial analysis. Meanwhile, the model is pervasive because it origins from the study on agglomeration of R&D firms in general. Therefore it is helpful in theory to make a study in-depth on the development of creative industry, industry clusters and endogenous development model in city, and is also a premise to take a spatial act for the different gradient local.更多还原