【作者】 乔迅翔；

【导师】 张十庆；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 建筑历史与理论， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 本文是关于宋代建筑营造技术及相关问题的研究。工、料是营造技术的基本要素。工,即劳动者,包括工匠和役夫;料,即劳动对象;而对于官方营造,另须设置营造机构进行统辖管理。文中前两章对上述问题进行了探讨,其中第一章“宋代营造机构”着重考察宋代营造机构的发展沿革及其构成;第二章“宋代营造的工和料”着重讨论宋代工匠、役夫的成分、地位以及主要建材的使用和木料来源。第三章至第五章分别对“工程管理”、“营造工序”和“营造技术”进行探讨。其中“工程管理”着重考察宋代营造团队的构成、运作以及管理目标和管理制度;“营造工序”依次对营造各环节逐一探讨,包括建筑设计、备工备料、基址和阶基、木构架、屋面以及墙体、地面等营造,力求勾勒出宋代营造过程的大致轮廓;“营造技术”择要讨论了若干具体技术问题,包括测量、起重与运输、搭材以及工程数学。第六章着重探讨《营造法式》功限、料例的条文及内容。首先对诸条文性质、编撰背景、编撰过程和方法进行考察;其次,着重讨论条文的形式构成规律,并考察其历史沿革;最后,以大木作功限、料例为研究对象,力求挖掘它们所蕴含的有关建筑制度、建筑营造技术方面的有价值信息。全文约19.5万字,图表80幅。更多还原

【Abstract】 The dissertation is a research about the technology of building house in Song Dynasty and other problems about it.Worker and material are the essential elements of the technology of building technology. Worker, including artisan and labour; Material, is the object of working. At the same time, for State Building, the official organization and superintendent must be needed to manage it. So, the first chapter expounds the development and component of the official organization for building. The second chapter discusses the constituent and position of the artisan and labour, and explains the general condition of the material for building and the source of timber in Song Dynasty.The third chapter reviews the composition and how to behave for building teams and explains the goals and system of engineering management. The third chapter discusses every phase of building house in turn, including architectural design, preparing for workers and materials, base and platform, timber structure, roofing, wall and ground surface, and try to explain how to build house. The fifth chapter discusses some important technology on building house, such as measurement, lift, transport, scaffold and engineer mathematics. The sixth chapter studys the texts of Gongxian and Liaoli in Yingzao Fashi(the Building Standards). First, the nature of it and the background, the process and the approach of editing is explored; second, the essay discusses the rule of text form, and review the development of it. Finally,the Gongxian and Liaoli of damuzuo is regarded as the object of study in order to expound the relation to the house-building technology .The dissertation includes 195,000 words’long text with 80 pieces of diagram and illustration.更多还原