【作者】 赵春利；

【导师】 邵敬敏；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 作为连接词汇学与句法学的纽带，词语组合研究越来越受到理论语言学界和计算语言学界的广泛关注，形名组合是词语组合的核心形式之一。本文的研究目的就是探讨现代汉语性质形容词与名词的静态组合规律及其动态句法功能。 本文在详细梳理国内外理论语言学界和计算语言学界有关形名组合研究状况的基础上，试图打破传统语法对形名组合的定中结构分析模式和修饰关系解释思路，从静态角度，以语义语法理论为本体论，以双向选择为方法论，提取了形容词与名词组合的十种语义关系类型，不同的语义关系类型反映了形容词与名词各自的不同语义类别，根据这十种语义关系类型，结合形容词和名词的概念意义，把形容词分为主体、事体、物体、时空、评价五种次范畴小类，把名词分为主体、事体、物体、时空、逻辑五类次范畴小类，并建立形容词次范畴和名词次范畴之间的语义组合模型。我们还翔实细致地考察分析了六种主体类(容貌、身体、态度、性格、智力、情感)、九种事体类(模态、难度、急度、速度、时长、强度、范围、深度、细度)、两种物体类(颜色、味道)和两种评价类(价值、怪异)形名组合的静态语义组合规律，从而印证了语义语法理论和双向选择方法的科学性和有效性，也验证了对形容词和名词所进行的语义次范畴分类的合理性。在静态的语义组合规律分析的基础上，还进一步考察了形名组合进入某些句法结构后的动态表现，例如：N1+A+的+N2、N1+有+N2+A、N1+N2+A+地+VP以及N1+A单+N2双+地+VP，不仅从语义组合模型角度对处于一定句法结构中的形名组合与其他句法成分的复杂语义关系给出了全新的语义解释和形式验证，而且也揭示了句法结构对形名组合的约束机制以及形名组合对句法结构的选择机制，通过句法结构与形名组合间的限选机制验证了形式结构与语义组合间也同样存在着双向选择性。 本文运用语义语法理论和双向选择方法对形名组合所进行的静态动态研究，在理论上证明了语义语法理论的正确性以及双向选择方法的有效性，为构建语义语法理论的语义特征论、语义关系论、语义组合论和语义选择论奠定了一块基石，对其他类型的词语组合研究也具有借鉴意义；在应用上，所提取的语义关系类型、语义组合模型、语义次范畴分类以及结构与组合间的约束选择机制等语义信息和语法信息对计算语言学、语言教学和词典编撰都具有参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Compound-like constructions, as connectors between words and sentences, have gained much concern from both theoretical and computational linguists. Since Adjective-Noun Constructions (ANC) are among the core compound-like constructions, the dissertation is intended to investigate the semantic build-up and the syntactic collocation patterns of (ANC) in Chinese.After the historical study on ANC in theoretical and computational linguistic circles, a breakthrough in the traditional approach to adjectives as attributives and modifier may come out as a result of the investigation. Statically, the present study summarizes ten types of internal semantic relations between adjectives and nouns based on the semantic grammar as ontology and the mutual option as methodology. Different semantic relations reflect different semantic types of adjectives and nouns respectively. Combining the ten semantic relations with the conceptual meaning of adjectives and nouns, we classify adjectives into five sub-classes, subjective, eventual, objective, spatial & temporal, and appraisal and we also classify nouns into five sub-classes, subject, event, object, space & time, and logic. Consequently, a model of semantic combinations between sub-classes of adjectives and nouns is established. Regulations to constraint ANC are explored in detail among subjective-subject (feature, figure, attitude, personality, intelligence, emotion), eventual-event (modality, hardness, urgency, speed, length, strength, range, depth, detail), objective-object (colour, taste), and appraisal-logic (evaluation, oddness). The concrete study does not only justify the validity of semantic grammar and mutual option, but also verifies the rationality of the semantic classification of adjectives and nouns. Dynamically, we investigate the syntactic function of ANC in syntactic structures, such as N1+A+de+N2、N1+you+N2+A、N1+N2+A+de+VP, and N1+A(single syllable)+N2(double syllable)+de +VP. The dynamic study gives a new semantic explanation and formal verification of the complex semantic relations between ANC and other syntactic elements. It also shows the governing mechanism for the syntactic structure to constrain ANC and the selecting mechanism for ANC to require the syntactic structure. It has been suggested that there also exist mutual options between formal structures and semantic combinations.Theoretically, the static and dynamic study on ANC paves the way for the study of semantic features, semantic relations, semantic combinations and semantic options in semantic grammar. Practically, semantic relations, the semantic combination model, sub-classes of adjectives and nouns, governing mechanism incorporating constructions into structures give clues to Chinese language teaching, computerized Chinese language processing and dictionary compiling.更多还原