【作者】 朱彦恒；

【导师】 张明玉；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 企业管理， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 随着发展中国家间对承接全球产业转移的竞争加剧以及中国经济发展由注重规模向注重质量和效益转变,中国经济技术开发区(以下简称开发区)的产业发展面临许多新的挑战。在新的发展形势下,寻求开发区产业发展规律的理论支撑以指导开发区产业发展的实践具有重要的现实意义。由于开发区独特的地理空间属性以及在经济发展上的特殊定位使应用传统的产业经济学理论很难给出开发区产业发展规律的全面科学解释。而系统理论恰恰能够打破这些局限,成为本研究所选择的主要理论工具。本研究试图以系统科学为视角,通过对开发区产业系统构成、系统演化机理以及系统演化路径做全面深入的研究,提供一个开发区产业发展规律分析的全新理论框架。本文认为,系统内主体是构成开发区产业系统的基本单元。按照主体属性的不同,系统主体可分为企业主体和社会主体。企业主体是指开发区内的各种企业,而社会主体主要指政府、大学、研究机构、医院和社会中介服务机构等。企业主体表现出突出的经济属性,而社会主体强调的是社会功能。从系统分工来看,社会主体是为企业主体服务的,企业主体是为区域整体经济发展服务的。企业主体和社会主体在系统内既有分工,又存在强弱不同的联系,从而构成了网状的系统结构。系统环境主要由四方面因素构成:即政策法律环境、基础设施配套环境、人力资源供给环境以及社会文化环境。系统环境是系统主体成长的“土壤”,与主体发育状况以及主体间通过相互作用进行系统演化都是紧密相关的。在开放的环境下发展的开发区产业系统,其演化过程受到两种机制的作用,本文把他们分别定义为系统内部协同机制和系统外部耦合机制。系统内主体对利益的追求是激发主体间产生协同作用的内因,而市场的力量和政府的推动是系统主体协同行为执行的外因。在开放的条件下,通过系统主体间的协同作用使新的结构在系统中不断涌现并使系统达到阶段性的有序。系统外部耦合机制又可分为系统前向耦合和系统后向耦合。前向耦合实现的是系统与跨国公司全球生产网络间的耦合,而后向耦合实现的是系统与本土产业间的耦合。前向耦合通过跨国公司的发展战略与开发区营造的系统环境之间实现对位来完成,而后向耦合通过本土企业与跨国公司的合作从而进入跨国公司的全球生产网络来实现。前向耦合与后向耦合间是相互关联的,前向耦合是实现后向耦合的前提,而后向耦合对前向耦合有强化和促进作用,本文把这种联系称为“齿轮啮合”效应。在系统内部协同和外部耦合机制的作用下,开发区产业系统不断演化。受哈肯对生物系统进化问题的研究启发,本文把支配开发区产业系统演化方向的序参量确定为“系统内表现出更优竞争能力的企业类型”。在系统序参量的支配作用下,开发区产更多还原

【Abstract】 The competition for global industrial shift among developing countries is becoming more intensive. China’s economy is facing the transition from aiming for scale to quality and benefit. Both of above have make China’s economic and technological development areas face many new challenges. Under this condition, it is important to find the industrial development principle in these areas and to guide our behavior.The special geographic attribute and economic orientation make it difficult to explain the industrial development principle of development areas by normal industrial economy theories. While system theory can break down these limitations and is selected to be the main analytical tool in this research. From the viewpoint of system theory, the constitution of development area’s industrial system is analyzed, the developmental mechanism and evolutionary trajectory is provided.This thesis puts forward that the industrial system of development areas is composed of different kinds of main bodies. According to the attributes of different main bodies, they can be divided into two categories. One is enterprise main bodies, and the other is social main bodies. The enterprise main bodies refer to the companies in the area, and the social main bodies include government, universities, research utilities, hospitals and kinds of agencies which are providing service to enterprise subjects. Different kinds of main bodies provide different functions in the system. They are structural connected and make a network-like framework. The system environment includes four aspects. They are policies and laws, infrastructure and facilities, human resource providing conditions and social and cultural environment. The system environment is the“soil”for main bodies’development and has big relation to the impact between main bodies and evolution of the system.Developing in open environment, the industrial system’s evolution of development areas is governed by two mechanisms, which are called inner collaboration mechanism and outer coupling mechanism. The pursuit for value is inner factor that inspires the main bodies to generate collaborate behaviors. And the power of market and the push from government are outer factors which can propel the conduction of these collaborate behaviors. Through the collaborate impact among main bodies under the open conditions, new structures are constantly emerging and the system shows us different kinds of order in different evolutional period. The outer coupling mechanism is comprised of fore-coupling mechanism and aft-coupling mechanism. The fore-coupling mechanism realizes the coupling between the system and the global production network of multi-nationals, and the更多还原