断裂相互作用和地震预测方法研究

【作者】 陈化然；

【导师】 徐锡伟；

【作者基本信息】 中国地震局地质研究所 ， 固体地球物理， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 首先,在“断层间相互作用、强震间相互影响”方面,从现象到理论,研究强震的成组孕育、成组活动特征,特别是针对川滇这一特定地区,应用地质构造和深部地球物理的最新研究成果,建立了三维有限元模型,研究强震成组活动的机制,为地震分析预测研究搭建了一个有一定理论基础的平台,探索了地震物理预测的一些途径。对川滇地区初步搭建了一个地震分析预测研究的三维有限元数值模拟平台,尽管还有许多待完善之处,但本文的研究方向是有益的,对将数值模拟研究应用于实际地震预测有理论上的启迪意义,对地震从经验预测向物理预测发展有一定的借鉴作用。其次,在“重、磁构造反演”方面,收集了天津及邻近地区大量的、宝贵的重力、航磁资料;对重点资料进行了数字化,积累了较全面的天津及邻近地区最新的数字化重、磁资料;采用分频及延拓计算,对研究区内重力及航磁资料分别进行了对比,研究了不同方法在划分不同深度场源异常方面的效果;根据已知的新生代盖层深度,模拟出全区新生代盖层密度界面,在消除掉此盖层的影响之后,得出深部界面的反演计算结果;通过跨越深大断裂若干条剖面的正反演计算,对研究区内深大断裂深部延展所表现的密度、磁性特征有了进一步的认识;通过资料的综合分析解释,对研究区内地壳不同深度上结构构造特征给出了解释;综合给出了天津断层、沧东断层深部延展状态,并讨论了断层的深部孕震特征。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the article, firstly,from phenomenon to theory, we have studied the characteristics of strong group seismogenic earthquakes and group activities and tried setting up 3D finite element model and studied the mechanism of strong earthquakes group activities, particularly, aiming at Sichuan-Yunnan special region, applying the latest research result of geologic structure and deep physical geography. It is only the original intention to set up a theoretical basal platform for earthquake analysis and prediction and to search for some ways for physical prediction.We have set up a mathematic modeling platform of 3D finite element for earthquake analysis and prediction. Although it is not very perfect, the research direction is meaningful. It will have some edificatory significant in theory for applying mathematic modeling research on practical earthquake prediction, and have some use for reference for development of earthquake prediction from experiential prediction to physical prediction.Secondly, at“gravity and geomagnetism structure inversion research”, we collected a great deal of new and precious gravity and geomagnetism data in Tianjin and neighborhood. After digitalizing these data, using a lot of new inversion methods, we carried out structure inversion overall Tianjin and neighborhood. Through the contrast research of gravity and geomagnetism, we gave out the structure descriptions at different depth according to different methods. At last, by comprehensive analysis of the inversion results, we gave out the characteristic explanations of structures at different depths. We discussed the deep characteristics of Cangdong fault and Tianjin fault. The seismogenic of Cangdong fault and Tianjin fault features was given out .Finally, at earthquake prediction in Tianjin, we built up“Tianjin basic prediction database”, including geographic information databases, the geologic structure databases, dangerous area databases, the station information databases, the early sign data database of physics更多还原