【作者】 陈龙淼；

【导师】 钱林方；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 火炮、自动武器与弹药工程， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 身管是火炮的关键部件，在火炮发射过程中，高温、高压的火药燃气在身管内成脉冲式高速流动，使身管受到急剧的加热，引起身管壁内的温度急剧变化，而对于带金属内衬复合材料身管，由于复合材料导热性能较差，更容易引起非均匀温度分布以及较大的温度梯度，产生不合适的变形，也会使身管的金属内衬的工作温度升高，从而使得身管的寿命降低，同时身管的发热会引起其刚度的变化，增大射弹散布。这些成为了复合材料应用在火炮身管中的瓶颈问题。 本文旨在对复合材料身管热学性能进行较为详细的分析和研究。从各向异性复合材料热传导理论出发，建立复合材料身管传热分析基本模型，分析讨论影响带金属内衬复合材料身管热学性能的主要因素，采用有限元方法对复合材料身管进行二维热弹性分析，为复合材料在火炮身管上的应用提供可靠的理论依据。 本文的研究内容及结论主要体现在以下几个方面： 1、采用了一维内弹道模型，把弹后空间的核心流部分考虑为包含气流与身管管壁发生摩擦和热交换的不稳定准一维流，边界层考虑为不稳定、非定常可压缩流，用MacCormack有限差分方法求解，编制程序进行计算，较为准确的得到了复合材料身管固壁瞬态温度场分析内边界条件所需的气流温度和对流换热系数结果。 2、论文以某中口径火炮复合材料身管为设计对象，运用显式的有限差分法建立武器发射时身管瞬态传热模型，并结合多种复合材料身管的热设计方案，编制通用软件，对复合材料身管固壁一维径向温度场进行了数值分析，全面详细讨论影响其热性能的主要因素，并基于复合材料身管为线弹性的前提下，分析了复合材料身管受膛压，高温固化应力和热应力作用下的受力状况，给出了线弹性解析解，完成了复合材料身管综合设计的一个重要部分。 3、对经过综合优化设计后加工的带金属内衬复合材料身管的二维轴对称瞬态温度场和应力场采用有限元数值方法进行了分析，对复合材料身管的热设计方案分析进行验证并对考虑热冲击时复合材料身管的强度进行了校核，结果表明加工的复合材料身管是满足强度要求的，这为实验的可行性提供了理论计算依据。 4、提出了根据数值计算得到的火炮连发时复合材料身管膛壁的峰值温度，来估算身管由于热原因引起身管的烧蚀量，进而预测复合材料身管的寿命。并详细对比分析了多个带金属内衬全复合身管方案寿命，讨论了影响复合材料身管烧蚀寿命的主要因素。 5、论文提出采用添加导热粉末来提高复合材料导热系数并推导了在复合材料树脂基体中添加导热粉末后的材料性能参数模型，分析添加导热粉末后给模拟复合材料身管带来的影响，认为在材料本身热性能达不到要求时，加入金属导热粉末来增强复合材料的导热系数是一种行之有效的措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Barrel is the key part of artillery. In shot process, propellent gas of high pressure and high temperature flows in the tube at a high rate of speed, which brings an upheaval to the temperature field of the composite barrel. As to the composite barrel with metal inner, its poor thermal conductivity is more likely to cause uneven temperature distribution and bigger temperature gradient, to produce improper deformation and to make the work temperature of metal inner rise, all of which will affect the life span of barrel. Meanwhile, the heating of barrel will vary the stiffness and enlarge the projectile dispersion. All these make the application of composite material to artillery barrel the bottleneck.On the basis of heat transfer theory of anisotropic composite material, the present dissertation aims at a more detailed analysis of the thermal property of the composite material barrel, establishing the basic heat transfer model, analyzing the main factors that influence thermal property of the composite material barrel with metal inner, adopting finite element method to analyze the two-dimension thermoelasticity of composite material barrel, and thus providing reliable theoretical foundation for the application of composite material to artillery barrel.The research contents and main conclusions are as follows:1. The present thesis adopted one-dimension interior ballistic model, regarding the ballistic spatial core as the unsteady quasi one-dimension airflow containing the friction and heat exchange between airflow and tube wall, considering the boundary layer unsteady, nonstationary condensable current; and employed the MacCormack finite difference method to write the program. Thus more accurate boundary-required air flow temperature and the coefficient of heat convection are gained within the transient temperature field analysis of composite material barrel.2. With one kind of composite material barrel as design object, the paper used explicit finite difference to set up the transient heat transfer model while firing. Combining various design schemes of composite material barrel, the dissertation written general software to conduct numerical analysis of composite material barrel in one-dimension radial temperature field and presented detailed discussion of main factors affecting its thermal property. And on the premise of linear elasticity, stress state of composite material barrel also is analyzed under chamber pressure, high temperature curing effect and thermal effect. This present paper offered linear elasticity analytic solution and accomplished the key part of the integrated design of the composite material barrel.3. Finite element method is adopted to analyze two-dimension axial symmetry transient temperature and stress field of the composite material barrel with metal inner which has manufactured after optimization design. The thermal design schemes analysis of composite material barrel is proofed and the composite material barrel strength under更多还原