【作者】 刘才华；

【导师】 冯夏庭； 陈从新；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院研究生院（武汉岩土力学研究所） ， 岩土工程， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 地下水作为边坡失稳破坏的主要诱发因素之一，其水力学特性是边坡工程领域一项重大的研究课题。本文以岩质顺层边坡为研究对象，结合理论分析、室内实验和数值模拟，对顺层边坡水力特性及渗流与应力耦合作用机理进行了系统的研究。主要研究成果有： 1、对顺层边坡的地质结构特征及其控稳因素进行了分类研究，阐明了顺层边坡的结构控稳特征，为顺层边坡的水力特性研究奠定了地质基础。 2、系统的分析了边坡中地下水的力学作用机理，在分析顺层边坡平面破坏地质力学模型和破坏机理的基础上，针对地下水在顺层边坡中的分布特征，建立了顺层边坡优势结构面水力学分析模型。在此基础上，研究了降雨对顺层边坡稳定性的影响，建立了顺层边坡平面滑移破坏的水力学判据。 3、探讨了法向应力、侧向应力和剪应力作用下岩体裂隙的变形特性，结合裂隙渗流规律，推导了应力作用下岩体裂隙变形和渗流公式。 4、开展了应力作用下岩体裂隙的变形特性实验，结果表明，法向应力或侧向应力作用下，裂隙法向变形特性是类似的，均符合指数函数关系，实验结果与理论分析具有很好的一致性，据此建立了应力作用下裂隙开度与应力的耦合模型。 5、通过室内渗流实验，系统地研究了法向应力、侧向应力以及渗压作用下裂隙渗透系数的变化规律，研究表明，裂隙渗透系数与法向应力呈负指数形式关系，而与侧向应力和渗压呈正指数形式关系，建立了三维应力作用下裂隙渗流与应力耦合模型。 6、针对顺层边坡中地下水渗流受主控结构面控制的特点，在实验研究的基础上，采用离散网络介质模型，建立了顺层边坡渗流场与应力场耦合分析模型。利用该模型对一工程实例进行分析，结果表明，在地下水压差较小的情况下，渗流场与应力场耦合作用使边坡的稳定性有一定程度的降低，但其影响不是很显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 Research of hydraulic properties of groundwater, which is one major factor inducing slope failure, is a key task in slope engineering field. This paper, taking rock bedding slope as study object, adopts such methods as theoretical analysis, lab tests and numerical simulation etc to investigate systematically hydraulic properties and stress and seepage coupling mechanism of rock bedding slopes. The major results are as follows:1 、 Investigates geological structure characteristic and factors inducing slope failure of rock bedding slopes, and makes clear the point that the stability of bedding slopes is controlled by the their structure. Lays geological foundations for the research on hydraulic properties of rock bedding slopes.2、 Analyzes systematically the effects of ground water on slope stability. In allusion to the distribution forms of groundwater, sets up the hydraulic model of stability analysis for rock bedding slopes with preferred structure plane based on the geo-mechanics model and the failure mechanism of rock bedding slopes. Investigates the effect of rainfall on bedding slope stability and establishes the hydraulic criterion for plane failure.3 、 Discusses the deformation properties of rock fracture under normal stress, lateral stress and water pressure respectively. Combining with seepage characteristic of rock fractures, develops the theory formulations of deformation and seepage of a single rock fracture under stresses.4 、 Carries out deformation tests of rock fracture under stresses, and puts forward the coupling model of deformation and 3D-stress of rock fractures. The results indicate that deformation properties of rock fracture under lateral stress are similar to that under normal stress, that is to say, the relationships between deformation and normal stress or lateral stress can be described using exponential functions, which is identical with the theory formulations.5、 Based on lab tests, investigates systematically seepage properties of a single rock fracture under 3D-stress, and establishes the seepage and 3D-stress coupling model of a single rock fracture. It is shown that hydraulic conductivity is an exponential function of normal stress or lateral stress, and that hydraulic conductivity decreases with normal stress increasing but increases with increasing lateral stress.6、 In allusion to the character that seepage of groundwater in slope rock mass is mainly controlled by terrane interfaces and biggish structure planes, founds analysis model of seepage field and stress field coupling for rock bedding slopes using medium model of discrete fracture network. Using a slope engineering project, discusses the character and significance of seepage field and stress field coupling for stability analysis of rock bedding slopes. It is shown that the slope stability coefficient decreases lightly due to the seepage and stress fields coupling.更多还原