【作者】 柳成志；

【导师】 卢双舫； 吕延防； 冯志强；

【作者基本信息】 大庆石油大学 ， 油气田开发工程， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 本项研究综合采用层序地层学、沉积学、地震地层学、储层地质学等的最新理论和方法，运用地震、测井、录井、岩芯等资料，对松辽盆地北部齐家—古龙地区葡萄花油层的层序地层格架、沉积相、储层、油气藏分布规律及控制因素和地层-岩性圈闭进行了深入细致的分析和研究。 本次研究利用岩芯、地震、测井以及化验分析等资料，将葡萄花油层(相当于层序ⅩⅣ低水位体系域和水进体系域)由下至上划分为SQ1、SQ2和SQ3三个四级层序，并且在四级层序内划分出低位、水进和高位三个体系域。 研究区姚家组沉积时期，主要受英台沉积体系、齐齐哈尔沉积体系和克山—杏树岗沉积体系的控制，发育水下分流河道、水下分流河道间、河口坝、远砂坝、席状砂、滨浅湖砂坝及滨浅湖泥等多种类型沉积微相。四级层序SQ1与SQ2属于层序ⅩⅣ的低水位体系域沉积产物，此沉积时期湖平面相对下降，地层基准面下降，可容纳空间较小，沉积物供给充足，A／S＜1，并且此时期盆地短轴方向物源影响较大，所以此时期沉积的砂体分布较广，砂体在纵向上错叠连片，沉积相带和湖岸线迁移不明显，沉积相带相对较窄。而SQ3是层序ⅩⅣ的水进体系域沉积产物，此时期湖平面相对上升，地层基准面上升，水域面积扩大，可容纳空间增大，沉积物供给相对减少，A／S＞1，加之盆地短轴方向物源影响减小，长轴方向物源控制了地层沉积，故三角洲沉积砂体向岸退积，沉积相带发育部位和湖岸线存在明显的迁移，沉积相带较宽。 研究区葡萄花油层段储层主要为中孔低渗储层，砂体连通性差，非均质性强。结合本区取芯井孔隙度、渗透率值的分布及变化范围，参考前人分类方案，将目的层段储层分为Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类。结合沉积相研究成果，综合分析储层岩性参数、物性参数、非均质性参数，对储层进行了综合评价。评价结果表明，Ⅰ类储层以分流河道为主，在低水位体系域较为发育；Ⅱ类储层中不同类型的微相均有分布；Ⅲ类储层以远砂坝和席状砂为主，在高水位体系域较为发育。 根据各种地质资料结合储层地震反演技术，在层序地层格架内对研究区目的层进行了油气藏成藏研究，并分析了成藏控制因素。分析表明，研究区葡萄花油层主要油藏类型是砂岩透镜体油藏、砂岩上倾尖灭油藏、构造—岩性油藏和断层—岩性油藏，这些油藏受构造、断裂、古地形、砂体分布、沉积相及层序内部结构特征多种因素控制。其中砂体的发育情况与发育部位最终决定于层序的发育过程。层序的发育过程又受构造及构造演化特征控制。砂体特征直接受沉积相的控制，沉积相特征决定了砂体类型、砂体分布、单砂层厚度、物性等。因此，层序发育过程及内部结构特征和沉积相是本区葡萄花油层油气藏形成最主要的控制因素。在以上研究基础上进行了地层—岩性圈闭发育区带预测。更多还原

【Abstract】 This research analyses the sequence stratigraphic framework, the sedimentary facies, the reservoir, the oil gas pool distribution rule, the controlling factors and the stratum - lithological trap of Putaohua oil bearing layer in Qiqia - Gulong area in northern Songliao basin, comprehensively based on the newest theory and the method of sequence stratigraphy, sedimentology, seismic stratigraphy and reservoir geology, and using the data from seism, logging, geological log and core.This research divides the Putaohua oil bearing layer into three fourth-order sequences (they are SQ1, SQ2, and SQ3 upwards ) (equal to the lowstand systyms tract and transgressive systems tract of sequence XIV in Songliao basin), using the data from core, seism, logging as well as examination analysis, and divides the fourth-order sequences into three systems tracts (they are lowstand systems tract, transgressive systems tract and high systems tract).During the depositional period of Yaojia group, this area was controlled by Yingtai depositional system, Qiqihaer depositional system and Keshan - Xingshugang depositional system, developing many types of microfacies, such as underwater distributary channels, underwater distributary inter-channel zones, river mouth bars, far sand bars, sheet sands, shore or shallow lake sand bars and shore or shallow lake muds. The fourth-order sequences SQ1 and SQ2 belong to the sedimentary products of lowstand systems tract of sequence ⅩⅣ, the sedimentary lake level went down relatively, stratum base level went down, there is little accommodation, sediment supply enough, A/S<1, and it was being affected greatly by the sedimentary material sources in the short axis direction. So the sand bodies in this sedimentary period spread widely, and folded to flaky shape in vertical direction, sedimentary facies zone and lake bank didn’t transfer obviously, and the sedimentary facies zone is narrow relatively. On the contrary, SQ3 is the sedimentary products of transgressive systems tract in sequence ⅩⅣ, the lake level went up relatively, minus sediment supply relatively, A/S>1, moreover, there is smaller effect in short axis direction, and delta sedimentary sand body degraded towards the bank, sedimentary facies zone and lake bank transfer obviously, and the sedimentary zone is wide relatively.Putaohua oil bearing reservoir primarily is middle prosperous and low permeable with sand bodies of bad conjunction and high heterogeneity. According to former classification as well as the distribution and rank of core well porosity and permeability in this area, the researched reservoir is divided into three types (type Ⅰ , type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ), evaluating the reservoir comprehensively according to the result of sedimentary facies, the comprehensive analysis of reservoir lithology parameter, physical property parameter and heterogeneity parameter. The evaluation result shows that type Ⅰ reservoir is dominated by branch channel which is developing in lowstand systems tract; type Ⅱ reservoir distributes in different microfacies; and type Ⅲ reservoir is dominated by far sand bars and sheet sand which is developed in high systems tract.According to the varieties of geological data as well as reservoir seismic inversion technologies, the oil and gas reservoir formation of the researched area is studied in the sequen(?)e layer framework and the factors which control the reservoir formation are analyzed. The analysis shows that the oil reservoirs are primary sand lens oil reservoir, sand wedging reservoir, stratum-lithological character reservoir and fault-lithology reservoir which are controlled by tectonic, fault, paleotopography, sand body distribution, sedimentary facies and sequence interior structure characteristics. And the sequence development process is determined by the development and the position of sand body. The sequence development is also controlled by tectonic and its evolution characteristics. Sand body characteristics are directly controlled by sedimentary facies whose characteristics determine sand body types, sand body distribution and single sand layer thickness , physical property and so on. Therefore, the sequence development process, its interior更多还原