【作者】 宋桂红；

【导师】 李新平；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 结构工程， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 岩体介质由于地壳的不断运动、发展，呈现出显著的不连续性，存在大量的节理、裂隙等不连续界面。这些裂隙的规模虽然不大，没有把岩体切割成块体，但裂隙的存在却大大改变了岩体的力学性质，从而降低了岩体的变形模量及强度参数，并且使岩体呈现明显的各向异性性质。裂隙岩体在各类工程中是非常普遍的。锚杆能够把被节理裂隙切割的岩块串在一起，增加岩体的完整性，这对于提高岩体强度、发挥岩体介质本身的自承能力能起到事半功倍的效果。经过几十年的发展和经验积累，锚杆支护已成为一种非常有效的岩土工程加固手段。但是岩体锚杆支护理论却远落后于实践。因此建立一种比较完善的适合加锚裂隙岩体的力学体系迫在眉睫。可以为生产实践提供必要的、先进的理论指导。 本文根据国内外岩体锚杆支护理论研究的现状，利用复合材料细观力学的方法建立了加锚裂隙岩体的细观力学等效模型，对其进行数值模拟研究计算，并通过室内单轴压缩试验和三轴压缩试验以及工程实例来验证理论模型和数值分析结果的正确性和合理性。主要在以下几个方面进行了研究。 (1)理论方面：用复合材料力学的研究观点和方法将加锚裂隙岩体看成一种层内混杂复合材料，建立了加锚裂隙岩体复合材料细观力学模型来描述其细观结构与宏观性能之间的关系，定量的研究了锚杆、裂隙以及粘结材料的力学性质对加锚裂隙岩体的整体力学性质的影响。 (2)试验部分：通过室内单轴和三轴压缩试验定性地研究加锚裂隙岩体的破坏模式和力学性质；通过室内试验研究了粘结材料对加锚岩体的力学性质以及强度的影响，以有一定粗糙度的压花铝片来模拟工程中所用的螺纹钢，研究了铝片与试件轴向所成的不同角度对岩体力学性质的影响，为理论研究提供实测资料，也为数值模拟计算提供计算参数和依据。 (3)数值模拟试验研究：以大型通用有限元软件Marc为依据，用自己编制的用户子程序建立有限元网格模型，模拟加锚裂隙岩体的一个体积代表单元的多种工况(单轴拉伸、压缩以及三轴压缩)，得到加锚裂隙岩体的等效应力—应变曲线和等效强度特性参数C，Φ。与细观力学模型计算的结果和室内试验结果进行比较，基本吻合，证实了数值模拟试验结果的正确性和合理性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rock mass is discontinuous because of the movement and development of the crust. The joint, fissure, fault fracture are the typical modes of this discontinuation. Although the small size of the joint fissure, they reduced the strength of the rock mass. And because of the existence of them the rock mass is anisotropic. Joint rock mass is universal in the engineering rock mass. In general, the intensity of integrate rock is much higher than the rock mass because the joint and structure faces lessen the intensity of rock. The function of the bolt is to colligate the disjoined rock and enhance the integrity of the rock mass, which is important to enhance the capability of the rock mass to resist the outside force.It made great progress since 1920s. The current theory about rock bolt system is far behind from the engineering practice, which makes the practice has some blind direction. The mechanical behavior of the bolted rock joint is not fully understood, and only the experience accumulated on rock bolting gives the know-how for the reinforcement calculation and execution.To change this status a micromechanical composite mechanical model is established on the basis of the current rock bolt theories and numerical analysis methods to evaluate the mechanical properties of the bolted joint rock mass. The quantitative relationship of mechanical properties of the bolted joint rock mass and that of the rock mass and bolt and joint is presented in the model. It is validated by the experimental test coupled with numerical simulations.This dissertation is focus on the following fields.(1) Considering the bolted joint rock mass as a hybrid composite and give it a quantitative stress-strain relationship with composite mechanical method.(2) A uni-axial compression test and tri-axial compressive test were done through experimental tests and numerical simulation. Also a tri-tensile test is down through numerical simulation.(3) In the numerical analysis, a program is designed on the basis of the large finite element method software Marc to simulate the load condition of the inside更多还原