节点文献
SO4~(2-)和/或SiO3~(2-)对部分水解铝盐混凝剂性能的影响研究
The Effect of the Presence of SO4~(2-) and/or SiO3~(2-) on Polyaluminum Properties and Flocculation Efficiency
【作者】 周维芝;
【导师】 高宝玉;
【作者基本信息】 山东大学 , 环境工程, 2006, 博士
【摘要】 本论文在综合国内外大量相关文献的基础上,对SO42-和/或SiO32-对部分水解铝盐混凝剂中铝形态及性能的影响进行了研究。同时对含SO42-和/或SiO32-复合混凝剂的形态的分析表征和定量计算、结构形貌、水解过程以及混凝动态过程等问题进行了较为系统的探讨。主要研究内容及结论如下: 1.Al-Ferron反应动力学曲线可以反映整个反应时间内混凝剂的铝形态与Ferron反应的情况,聚合铝盐混凝剂的Al-Ferron反应动力学曲线符合假一级化学反应方程式,Al-Ferron反应动力学法计算的铝水解形态与Al-Ferron反应过程的实验结果和27Al-NMR法测定结果非常一致,可以很好的反映复合混凝剂的水解形态,避免了人为划分反应时间带来的误差。 2.Al-Ferron法和27Al-NMR法的计算结果表明,在PAC的制备过程中,SO42-和/或SiO32-的存在都会抑制具有较好混凝性能的Alb和Al13形态的形成,SO42-的抑制作用比SiO32-的影响更为明显。其中,SO42-的存在使AlCl3的水解过程向聚合方向进行,趋于形成更大的聚集体,SiO32-的存在使AlCl3的水解过程向水解方向进行,趋于形成较小的聚集体。 3.SO42-和/或SiO32-与铝水解形态之间的相互作用会影响混凝剂的混凝性能。红外光谱结果表明,少量SO42-存在使PAC中H-O-H水分子弯曲振动和Al-O八面体中Al-OH伸缩振动明显增强,分子间氢键O-H伸缩振动随SO42-增加而增强至γSO4/Al=0.2时趋势逆转。SiO32-的存在对PAC水解形态H-O-H水分子弯曲振动、Al-O八面体中Al-OH伸缩振动和分子间氢键O-H伸缩振动的影响较SO42-弱,但随γSi/Al增加呈明显增强趋势。 4.混凝剂的透射和扫描电镜观察表明PAC、PASiC0.10和PACS0.10三种混凝剂在贮存初期聚集体均呈枝状分布,其中PACS混凝剂中聚集体尺寸最大,聚集体晶粒在各分枝的外缘排列致密内部排列稍松散;PAC中聚集体尺寸次之,晶粒基本在各分枝的外缘紧密排列,内部晶粒很少;PASiC混凝剂聚集体尺寸最小但数量最多且晶粒排列最紧密。随贮存时间的延长,PAC和PACS
【Abstract】 The influence of SO42- and /or SiO32- on Al (III) properties and flocculation efficiency is explored in this paper. Meanwhile, Al (III) species calculation, interactions of SO42- and/or SiO32- with Al (III) species, surface morphology, hydrolysis and flocculation dynamic of Polyaluminum flocculants containing SO42- and /or SiO32- are investigated. The main research and conclusions are as follows:1. A new Al-Ferron kinetics method was developed to monitor and calculate Al speciation. The results showed that the Al-Ferron kinetics fit a binary pseudo 1st order rate equation. Sulfate and silicate had different influences on Al-Ferron kinetics. Al-Ferron complexation timed spectrophotometry is the commonly used method of determining Al speciation but this new Al-Ferron kinetics calculation method shows different species distributions. For all the flocculants except polyaluminum silicate chloride (PASiC), the new method yielded higher Alb and lower Ala values. The Al (III) chemical species calculated using Al-Ferron kinetics is more consistent with the Al-Ferron reaction results and 27Al NMR results.2. The results of Al (III) speciation calculated using Al-Ferron kinetics and 27A1 NMR method showed, on one hand , that the presence of SO42- and /or SiO32- inhibited forming Alb/or Al13 species during polyaluminum prehydrolysis. And this effect of the presence of SO42- was more obvious than that of SiO32- On the other hand, the inhibition of SO42- and SiO32-on Alb/or Al13 formation was in different direction. SO42- tended to aggregate and form larger polymers while SiO32- tended to disaggregate and form smaller polymers.