【作者】 常宗旭；

【导师】 赵阳升；

【作者基本信息】 太原理工大学 ， 采矿工程， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 在煤矿开采中，瓦斯灾害一直是威胁煤矿安全生产的主要灾害之一。虽然国内外学者在瓦斯治理方面进行了大量艰苦的工作，但收效不大。目前，本煤层瓦斯预抽放措施仍然被认为是预防瓦斯灾害最有效的方法之一。但是，随着煤层开采深度的增加，煤层透气性随之减小，从而严重影响了煤层瓦斯的抽放率和瓦斯抽放效果。因此，解决低渗透煤层的瓦斯抽放已成为确保煤矿安全生产，提高煤矿生产效率的关键环节。随着社会经济的发展和人类对能源需求的增大，煤层气资源的开发与利用也日益倍受关注。我国的绝大多数煤田均为低渗透煤层，因此开展低渗透煤层的瓦斯抽放研究具有重要的社会价值和经济效益。 太原理工大学经过多年的深入研究，提出了采用高压水射流在本煤层钻孔和割缝提高低渗透煤层的瓦斯抽放效果的基本研究思想和理论。论文较详细地推导了圆形淹没紊动射流的边界层方程，从理论、数值计算和试验等几个方面研究了煤岩体等非均质材料在高压水射流作用下的破碎机理，试验研究了高压水射流在煤层中钻孔和割缝的相关规律，并在工业试验中，取得大幅度提高瓦斯抽放的效果。主要研究工作有以下几个方面： 1．运用紊动的粘性不可压流体的运动方程(N-S方程)、连续方程和能量方程，建立了圆形淹没紊动射流的边界层方程。在此基础上采用时更多还原

【Abstract】 Gas disaster is always one of the main disasters to threaten the security of coal mine in the coal exploitation. Although the scholar in home and abroad do a lot of trial work in gas extraction, it affect a little at present. It is considered that the gas pre-extraction measure in coal bed is one of the most effective methods to prevent the gas disaster. With the depth of coal bed increase, the permeability decrease. Consequently it affects the extraction rate and efficiency. So it become the key link solving the gas extraction in low-permeability coal beds to insure in coal mine security and enhance production efficiency. With the development of society economy and the increscent requirement for energy sources, the gas source exploitation and its using become more and more attention. The most coal field of china is all low-permeability coal beds, so it has important society value and economy efficiency to have the research of gas extraction in low-permeability coal beds.After in-depth researches for years, Taiyuan University of Technology puts forward a basal research idea and theory to enhance the effect of gas extraction in low-permeability coal bed by drilling and cutting seams with high pressure water jet. The paper minutely deduces the boundary equation of circular submersed inordinate jets, accomplishes the theory, numerical computation and testing studies of the cracked mechanism of inhomogeneous material under the high water jets, have investigated the correlative law of drilling and cutting seams with high pressure water jet in coal bed in test, obtain a result of largely enhancing coal gas extraction. The main research work is:1. Using the motion equation (the N-S equation), the continuity更多还原