【作者】 叶舟；

【导师】 张廷山； 蒋维三；

【作者基本信息】 西南石油大学 ， 矿产普查与勘探， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 中、下扬子地区大地构造条件复杂，构造属性的认识尚不统一，洞庭、鄱阳、弋阳及金衢等陆相盆地的油气地质勘探与研究尚处于早期阶段。本文以板块构造学说、“盆山耦合”思想、石油与天然气的有机成因论、层序地层学理论、（含）油气系统理论等为依据，通过对前人研究成果的总结，对研究区野外地质、钻井、岩心、测井、地震及地球化学等资料的研究，针对研究区4个盆地的构造发育演化特征、沉积充填情况及含油气性进下了探讨。在各盆地发育的控制因素和油气地质特征等方面做了较具建设性的工作，得出了一些颇有意义的认识。主要包括： （1）赣江断裂带是一系列中、新生代红盆的控盆断裂系，沿断裂带发育着鄱阳、清江等十几个盆地，它具有明显的多期变形活动特征，自早燕山期起赣江断裂带大致经历了4个发展阶段；江绍断裂带则是弋阳、金衢等红盆的控盆构造带，它主要经历了晋宁期初次碰撞挤压—造山、加里东期走滑平移、海西—印支期相对稳定、早燕山期再次碰撞挤压—造山及晚燕山期伸展等5个发展阶段。 （2）洞庭盆地的发育与周缘雪峰山、九岭—幕阜山隆起密切相关，它们主要经历了晚侏罗世—早白垩世以来的4期盆山耦合过程：1)燕山早中期的盆山耦合过程；2)燕山晚期的盆山耦合；3)早喜马拉雅期的盆山耦合；4)晚喜马拉雅期盆山耦合。 （3）受赣江断裂带活动性质的影响，鄱阳盆地经历了复杂的构造演化史，主要包括中白垩世拉分盆地形成期、晚白垩世早—中期左行走滑张扭断陷盆地发育期、晚白垩世晚期右行走滑伸展盆地发展期、古近纪坳陷盆地发展期和新近纪-第四纪改造残留阶段等5个发展阶段。 （4）受江绍断裂带早燕山期碰撞挤压及晚燕山期伸展断裂活动的影响，弋阳盆地和金衢盆地有着相近的发育历程。弋阳盆地主要经历了燕山早期（T₃-J）准前陆盆地、燕山晚期（K）断坳盆地和喜山期（E-Q）抬升剥蚀—局部充填等3个发展阶段；金衢盆地主要经历了中白垩世伸展拉张、晚白垩世拗陷和白垩世末期萎缩等3个发展阶段。值得一提的是，两盆地在“红层”盆地之前，都经历了晚侏罗世—早白垩世的火山—沉积断陷盆地。 （5）白垩纪以来，各盆地主要发育了一套陆相红色碎屑岩沉积建造。随着断陷盆地的发育消亡，沉积环境由山麓—河流—湖泊—河流（—山麓）呈有规律更多还原

【Abstract】 The tectonic conditions of middle and lower Yangtze platform is complicated, with the controversy about the tectonic property. For the continental basins in this area, such as Dongting, Poyang, Yiyang and Jinqu etc., petroleum exploration and research is still in the early period. According to the theories of Plate tectonics, orogeny & coupled/decoupled basin development, organic origin of petroleum, sequence stratigraphy and petroleum system and the studies of predecessors, the author analyzed the data from outcrop, core, logging, seismic and geochemistry of study area, and discussed the evolution features, sedimentary characters and petroliferous natures. The following are main conclusions included.（1） Ganjiang fault zone is controlling zone of a series of Mesozoic- Cenozoic red basins, along which more than ten basins developed, such as Poyang, Qingjiang etc.. This fault zone has polyphase of deforming-active progress. After early Yanshanian period, it has mainly experienced four developing stages.Comparatively, Jiangshao fault zone is controlling zone of red basins, such as Yiyang, Jinqu etc.. it has mainly storied five developing stages: first collision-pressing & orogenics of Jinning Period, strike-slip & wrench of Calenonian Period, relative stableness of Hercynian-Indosinian Period, second collision-pressing & orogenics of early Yanshanian and stretching of later Yanshanian.（2） The development of Dongting Basin has vital relation to the orogenies of along Xuefeng Mountains and Jiuling-Mufu Mountains. Since Later Jurassic-Early Cretaceous, they had mainly experienced four developing stages of orogeny & coupled/decoupled basin development: 1) eatly-middle Yanshanian stage, 2) later Yanshanian stage, 3) eatly Himalayan stage and 4) later Himalayan stage.（3） Because of the Ganjiang fault zone influence, Poyang Basin came through complicated tectonic evolution history, which mainly included five developing stages: formation stage of pull-apart basin in Middle Cretaceous, left stripe-slip to rift basin stage in early-middle Later Cretaceous, right stripe-slip & stretch basin stage in late Later Cretaceous, depression stage in Paleogene and rebuilding to residul basin stage in Neogene-Quarternary.（4） Be subjected to collision-pressing in early Yanshanian （T₃-J） and stretching in late Yanshanian （K） of Jiangshao fault zone, Yiyang Basin and Jinqu Basin have similar developing histories. Yiyang Basin mainly experienced three stages, and they were quasi-foreland basin stage in early Yanshanian （T₃-J）, rift-depression stage in late Yanshanian （K） and uplift-erotion & partial filling stage in Himalayan （E-Q）;更多还原