【作者】 洪余刚；

【导师】 陈景山； 成世琦；

【作者基本信息】 西南石油大学 ， 矿产普查与勘探， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 以地层学、沉积学、储层地质学、地震储层预测等多学科的理论和方法为指导，重点研究了乐山～龙女寺古隆起奥陶系的沉积、储层特征和成因及控制因素、古地貌恢复、裂缝预测和地震储层横向预测等。明确了研究区奥陶系储层为超低基质孔的致密碳酸盐岩，岩溶作用为本区储层发育的主控因素。指出了研究区构造特征：二叠系以下为一巨型向北东倾没的鼻状隆起，二叠系～中三叠统为一北倾的斜坡，上三叠统～侏罗系为多个褶皱组成的平缓构造；奥陶系碳酸盐岩顶面在构造演化过程中，一直表现为西高东低，安8井区一直位于研究区的构造高部位。采用印模法恢复出本区二叠系沉积前的古地貌，划分出岩溶地貌单元，古地貌恢复表明，研究区古地貌总体表现为起伏不大，西高东低，相对高差最大约130米。综合岩性、地层结构、地质构造、古水系及古地貌等特征的分析，预测出研究区岩溶发育的有利区域位于下奥陶统碳酸盐岩出露区域和工区中部的中奥陶统灰岩出露区。由于岩溶发育的强烈非均质性，本文采用了波阻抗反演、属性提取、相干分析、裂缝预测等地震方法进一步预测岩溶储层发育的有利区域。在地震方法预测的过程中，探讨了滑动时窗法提取子波、旋转相位相干法求取子波相位的方法制作合成地震记录进行层位精细标定。二维地震资料预测岩溶型储层的可行性分析表明，常规二维地震资料能够有效地反映溶洞和裂缝特征。采用主曲率法裂缝预测表明，在整个地质历史时期中，奥陶系碳酸盐岩裂缝发育的最有利区域主要分布于研究区东北部和中北部，应力方向主要为北西向和北东向。综合地质、地震方法的预测结果，预测了本区奥陶系的最有利的勘探区块。更多还原

【Abstract】 Directed by the theory of Stratigraphy, Sedimentology, Reservoir Geology and the technology of seismic reservoir prediction, the Ordovician formation of Leshan-Longnvsi paleo-uplift is studied, which includes the sedimentary and reservoir characteristic, the form and control causation of the reservoir, paleo-geomorphy recovery, fissure prediction and seismic landscape forecasting to the reservoir. Study shows that the Ordovician carbonate formation in this area has the characteristic of very low groundmass porosity. The construction research indicates that it is a huge northeast leaned nose shape uplift below the Permian formation, it is a north leaned brae from the Permian to the Middle Triassic formation, and it is a smoothout construction consist of several folds from the Upper Triassic to the Jurassic formation. The top surface of the Ordovician carbonate strata is always high in the west and low in the east, and the An8 well area is in the high position of the study are all the times in the career of construction evolvement. The paleo-geomorphy before the sedimentary of the Permian formation is recovered with the Moulage method, then the karst geomorphy unit is partitioned. The recovered paleo-geomorphy shows that the undation of the ancient surface relief is not very acute, it is high in the west part of the study area and low in the east, and the gap between the highest and the lowest area is about 130 meter. Combined with the causes of lithology, stratum construction, geology structure, paleo-water system and paleo-geomorphy, the favorable areas for karst development are predicted out, which are in the carbonate basset region of the lower Ordovician formation and the middle area of Middle Ordovician formation basset region. Because of the strong anisotropic property of karst development, the techniques of wave impedance inversion, seismic attributes extraction, the coherence analysis, fissure prediction are adopted to predict the favorable region for the development of kasrt reservoir. The time window glide method of average wavelet extract and phase circumgyrate coherence analysis method of wavelet phase calculation are studied to make synthetic seismogram for horizon’s fine calibration. And the feasibility study indicates that the cave or fissure can be recognized with general 2D seismic data. The fissure prediction was carried out with the main curvature method, and the favorable regions for fissure development are mainly distributed in the northeast and middle-north of the study area, and the stress orientated mainly to the northwest and northeast. The interest region for oil and gas exploration to the Ordovician formation are predicted combined the geology and seismic method’s prediction result.更多还原